Dermatology (50) Flashcards
BOR - 1
Which of the following cells belongs to the professional antigen presenting cells of the cutaneous adaptive immune system?
A) Keratinocyte
B) Langerhans cell
C) Merkel cell
D) Melanocyte
ANSWER
B) Langerhans cell
BOR - 2
Which therapeutic option(s) is (are) appropriate for the treatment of alopecia areata?
A) Topical glucocorticoid treatment
B) PUVA (psoralen + UVA)
C) Provocation of a local contact dermatitis
D) Systemic treatment of acive bacterial foci
E) All of the above
ANSWER
E) All of the above
BOR - 3
Which therapeutic option is appropriate for the treatment of allergic contact dermatitis?
A) marigold ointment
B) salicylic acid
C) 5-fluorouracyl
D) topical glucocorticoids
E) none of the above
ANSWER
D) topical glucocorticoids
BOR - 4
Which diagnosis cannot be the underlying cause of a secondary Raynaud syndrome?
A) SLE
B) systemic scleroderma
C) cervical rib
D) cryoglobulinaemia
E) atopic dermatitis
ANSWER
E) atopic dermatitis
BOR - 5
Which examination is not suitable for making diagnosis of a cutaneous vasculitis?
A) dermatohistopathological examination of lesional skin
B) direct immunofluorescent microscopy of lesional skin
C) hepatitis C serology
D) measurement of serum levels of cryoglobulin and cryofibrinogen
E) angiography
ANSWER
E) angiography
BOR - 6
Which feature is not characteristic for dysplastic nevi?
A) Their diameter is >5 mm
B) They often have more than one colors (e.g., red, blue, light and dark brown, black)
C) They are almost always asymmetric
D) Their edges are usually irregular, gyrated
E) They are inborn skin lesions
ANSWER
E) They are inborn skin lesions
BOR - 7
Nevi … do not have to be removed surgically.
A) growing fast
B) which do not change over many years
C) changing their color (such as darkening)
D) which ulcerate or bleed
E) which often itch
ANSWER
B) which do not change over many years
BOR - 10A
all following disorders are manifestations of cutaneous tuberculosis, except:
A) Lupus vulgaris
B) Lupus erythematosus
C) Erythema induratum Bazin
D) Scrofuloderma
E) Lichen scrofulosorum
ANSWER
B) Lupus erythematosus
BOR - 11
Verruca vulgaris occurs commonly in the following conditions, except:
A) pes valgus
B) immunodeficiency
C) psoriasis
D) HIV positivity
E) hyperhidrosis
ANSWER
C) psoriasis
Common warts (verruca vulgaris) are skin bumps with rough surfaces and tiny black specks. They can occur anywhere in the body but most often on hands and fingers. The cause of common warts is exposure to and infection by the HPV virus
BOR - 12
The following clinical features are characteristic for herpes zoster, except:
A) grouped vesicles
B) usually mild symptoms
C) linear arrangement of vesicle groups
D) contagious through direct lesional skin contact
E) severe complications are rare but possible
ANSWER
B) usually mild symptoms
BOR - 13
The following clinical features are characteristic for porphyria cutanea tarda except
A) blisters in sun-exposed skin areas
B) hyperpigmentation
C) hypertrichosis
D) elevated serum liver transaminases
E) green discoloration of urine
ANSWER
E) green discoloration of urine
Most common porphyria
Red-brown (tea-colored) urine -Wood lamp examination shows urine with a coral pink fluorescence.
Reduced activity of heme biosynthesis enzyme uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase (UROD) → uroporphyrin accumulates in the skin → sunlight-dependent skin damage (chronic photosensitivity)
Type I: acquired (sporadic) deficiency of UROD
Type II: inherited/familial (autosomal dominant) UROD mutation
Susceptibility factors
Iron overload leading to increased hepatic iron stores (PCT is an iron-related disease)
Primary (genetic): hemochromatosis
BOR - 14
The following diseases frequently associate with diabetes mellitus except
A) necrobiosis lipoidica
B) candida infection
C) granuloma anulare
D) erythema multiforme
E) cutaneous microangiopathy
ANSWER
D) erythema multiforme
BOR - 16
Which factors influence the increasing prevalence of onychomycosis?
1) ageing of population
2) increased number of immunosuppressed patients
3) frequent use of broad spectrum antibiotics
4) changed lifestyle (occlusive shoes, sport and leisure activities)
A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B) Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C) Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D) Only answer 4 is correct.
E) All answers are correct.
ANSWER
E) All answers are correct.
BOR - 19
In which disease is tick bite typical for the patients’ history?
1) Lymphadenosis cutis benigna
2) Erythema chronicum migrans
3) Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans
4) Lyme disease
A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B) Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C) Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D) Only answer 4 is correct.
E) All answers are correct.
ANSWER
E) All answers are correct.
Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (Herxheimer disease) [6]
Description
Chronic progressive dermatological disease due to infection with Borrelia afzelii
Occurs only in Europe and Asia
Most commonly affects women > 40 years old
Occurs in late disseminated Lyme disease
Typically involves the extensor surface of the extremities
Treatment: oral antibiotics
BOR - 20
Which therapeutic option(s) is (are) appropriate for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphomas?
1) PUVA
2) Bone marrow transplantation
3) α-interferon
4) X-ray irradiation
A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B) Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C) Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D) Only answer 4 is correct.
E) All answers are correct.
ANSWER
E) All answers are correct.
BOR - 21
Which substances do have a keratolytic effect in adequate concentrations?
1) Salicylic acid
2) Urea
3) Lactic acid
4) Boric acid
A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B) Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C) Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D) Only answer 4 is correct.
E) All answers are correct.
ANSWER
A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
BOR - 22
Which signs or symptoms are characteristic for arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremities?
1) Intermittent claudication
2) Pain at rest
3) Gangrene
4) Reduced pain upon lifting the leg
A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B) Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C) Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D) Only answer 4 is correct.
E) All answers are correct.
ANSWER
A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
BOR - 23
Which signs or symptoms are characteristic for a postthrombotic leg ulcer?
1) White atrophy
2) A varicose vein draining the region of the ulcer
3) Localization just above the ankle on the inside of the leg
4) Intermittent claudication
A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B) Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C) Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D) Only answer 4 is correct.
E) All answers are correct.
ANSWER
A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
BOR - 24
Which therapeutic option(s) is (are) appropriate for the treatment of a postthrombotic leg ulcer?
1) Systemic antibiotics
2) Deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis
3) Systemic vasodilation by calcium channel blockers
4) Compression stockings
A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B) Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C) Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D) Only answer 4 is correct.
E) All answers are correct.
ANSWER
C) Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
BOR - 25
Which manifestation is typical for psoriasis?
1) Arthropathy
2) Pustules
3) Onychodystrophy
4) Scaling of the lips (cheilitis)
A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B) Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C) Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D) Only answer 4 is correct.
E) All answers are correct.
ANSWER
A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
