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Tomakesense 3 > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

How can Telegentasia and Spider Naevia be differentiated?

A

Spider naevia fill from the centre- a/w liver disease and telengtasia refill from the outside.

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2
Q

According to the Gell and Coombs classification, what type of reaction is allergic dermatitis?

A

Type 4- T cell mediated, “delayed hypersensitivity”

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3
Q

What is the classical sign associated with a dermatofibroma?

A

Dimples when pressed. Dermatofibroma is a nodule, benign associated with trauma such as an insect bite.

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4
Q

Management of Ptyriasis Verscicolor?

A

Topic anti fungal eg ketonazole shampoo

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5
Q

What is the rash seen in Lyme disease?

A

Erythema Migrans

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6
Q

Treatment of Acne Rosaeca?

A

First line: topical ivermectin
Second line: ADD in oral doxycycline

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7
Q

What things can exacerbate psoriasis?

A

B blockers, trauma, alcohol, lithium, antimalarials, NSAIDS, ACEi

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8
Q

What virus causes eczema herpeticum?

A

Herpes simplex 1

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9
Q

What is the first line tx for scalp psoriasis?

A

Topical steroids

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10
Q

In which condition is a hearld patch seen?

A

Pityriasis rosea

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11
Q

Keratoderma blennorrhagica is seen in which condition?

A

Reactive arthritis (rash on the feet)

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12
Q

How does oral leukoplakia present?

A

White plaques on tongue that can’t be rubbed off. Common in smokers. Need to exclude SCC

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13
Q

Dermatitis herpetiformis - management of?

A

a/w coeliac disease and therefore is treated with a gluten free diet

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14
Q

Eryispelas- caused by which organism?

A

Strep pyogenes - produces an endotoxin!

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15
Q

What 2 drugs can cause a “drug induced lupus”?

A

Most common causes
procainamide
hydralazine

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16
Q

Management of acne rosacea?

A

Topical ivermectin + oral doxycycline for papules and pustules.

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17
Q

What is an example of a vitamin D analgoue for psoriasis?

A

vitamin D analogues include calcipotriol (Dovonex), calcitriol and tacalcitol

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18
Q

What is the first line mx for Psoriasis?

A

Topical steroid and topical Vit D analogue

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19
Q

What is the management for acne? (stepwise)

A
  1. Topical retinoid and topical fusidic acid
  2. Oral antibiotics
  3. Oral COCP
  4. referral for isotretrioin
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20
Q

Impetigo management

A
  1. Topical hydrogen peroxide
  2. Topical fusidic acid
  3. If more extensive PO Flucoxacillin
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21
Q

What are the causes of scarring alopecia? (4)

A

Trauma/burns, radiotherapy, lichen planus, discoid lupus, tinea capitis

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22
Q

What is the treatment for Fungal nail infections, first and second line?

A

First line- topical amolofine
Second line- Oral terbinafine

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23
Q

What is the name of the rash seen in Lymes disease?

A

Erythema chronicum migrans (typical bulls eye rash )

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24
Q

What drug exacerbates plaque psoriasis?

A

Propanolol

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25
Q

What are the features of lichen planus?

A

Purple rash on flexor surfaces, mucosal involvement, kobner phenonemum where sites of trauma get a white lacy rash.

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26
Q

Treatment of lichen planus?

A

Hydrocortisone oitment is first line

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27
Q

What is first line for acne rosacea?

A

Topical ivermetacin

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28
Q

How to diagnose tinea capitis?

A

Woods lamp and scalp scrapings

29
Q

What is first line for psoriasis?

A

Steroid and Vit D analogue ( eg calcitriol)

30
Q

What are the side effects of retinoids?

A

Sore lips, hair thinning, DRY SKIN, DRY EYES, nose bleeds, photosensitivity.

31
Q

What is the steroid ladder?

A

Hydrocortisone
Eumovate
Betnovate
Dermovate

32
Q

What is the cause of Pityriasis versicolor?

A

Malassezia fufur

33
Q

Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton verrucosum cause which skin condition?

A

Tinea corporis

34
Q

Management of urticaria?

A

Non sedating antihistamines
Prednisolone if very severe.

35
Q

Drug induced lupus - what drugs are common?
- What antibodies (2)

A

procainamide (antiarrythimic) and Hydralazine

Antibodies: Antihistone and ANA

36
Q

What antibodies in Dermatomyositis?

A

anti-Mi-2 antibodies
Anti Jo 1

37
Q

Anti centromere antibodies are associated with?

A

limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis

38
Q

How might a BCC be described?

A

Pearly edges
Central ulceration

39
Q

What are the characteristics of these types of hair loss?
- Alopecia areata
- Tinea Capitis
- Telogen effluvium
- Anlagen efflulvium
- Scarring (cicatricial) alopecia

A
  • Alopecia areata - patchy hair loss. Scalp is healthy
  • Tinea Capitis - Patchy, scalp is scaly and itchy
  • Telogen effluvium- Diffuse hair loss MONTHS after precipitant
  • Anlagen efflulvium - Diffuse hair loss WEEKS after precipitant
  • Scarring (cicatricial) alopecia - permanent alopecia caused by inflammatory disorders eg scleroderma
40
Q

What is tinea pedis? vs Tinea Unguium

A

Tinea pedis: Athletes foot. itchy skin between toes.

Tina Ungium- fungal nail infection

41
Q

What are the treatment options for actinic keratosis?

A

fluorouracil cream (Topical 5FU)
Topical diclofenac
Cryotherapy

42
Q

What is scabies caused by?

A

Sarcoptes scabiei (house mite)

43
Q

What is the characteristic rash caused by Scarlet Fever?

A

Fine punctuate rash
Spares area around mouth / palms and soles
Starts on Torso
Sandpaper rash

44
Q

What is the treatment for scalp psoriasis?

A
  1. Topical corticosteroid
  2. Vit D analogue (calciproctiol) with steroid
45
Q

Cutaneous larva migrans is also known as?

A

Hookworm!
Itchy
From contaminated soil/ fecal matter

46
Q

Acanthosis nigricans is a/w with which malignancy?

A

Gastric ca.

47
Q

Dermatomyositis- a/w which malignancy ?

A

Lung and ovary

48
Q

Migratory thrombophlebitis- a/w which malignancy?

A

Pancreatic ca.

49
Q

Necrolytic migratory erythema- a/w which malignancy?

A

Glucagonoma

50
Q

Pyoderma gangrenosum (bullous and non-bullous forms) - a/w which malignancy?

A

Myeloproliferative disorders

51
Q

Lichen Planus can be precipitated by which 3 main drugs?

A

Gold
Quinine
Thiazides

52
Q

Alopecia Areata - what is it? and how does it present? Treatment

A

Presumed autoimmune
Hair loss in circular pattern
Non scarring hair loss
Exclamation mark hairs
Can be treated with potent topical steroid

53
Q

Where do dermoid cysts occur and in which population?

A

AKA Cystic Teratoma
Children
Lateral aspect of eyebrow

54
Q

Epidermoid and pilar cysts (sebaceous cysts)
- where do they present?
- defining feature?

A

Present ears/ scalp/ upper arm
Not soles or palms.
Defining feature is the punctum in the middle

55
Q

What are the topical therapies for Acne Roscea?

A

Topical Ivermethacin
Topical Brimiodine
Topical Metronidazole

Oral- Doxycline

56
Q

Livedo retciualris is associated with which conditions

A

RA
Polyarteritis nodosm
Lupus
Antiphospholipid
Ehlers Danos

57
Q

What are the management options for Acne Rosacea?

A

Topical Brimodine (PRN Alpha agonist)
Topical Invermethacin
Topical Metronidazole
Oral Doxycycline

58
Q

What are the oral antibiotics for acne vulgaris?

A

Lymecycline/ Doxycycline

59
Q

What would Oxytetracycline be used for? (what are the indications on the BNF?)

A

Acne vulgaris
Rosacea

60
Q

Side effect of Minocyclidine

A

Facial pigmentation

61
Q

Anti Jo is associated with what?

A

Dermatomyositis

62
Q

What are some side effects of oral Isotretoin?

A

Most common- dry lips/ dry skin
Hair thinning
Suicidal ideation
Nose bleeds
Photosensitivity

63
Q

Which rash gives a the hearld patch?

A

Pityriasis Roscea has the characteristic hearld patch

64
Q

What is first line for impetigo?

A

Topical hydrogen peroxide
Second line- Fusidic acid (or Fusidic acid is first line if widespread disease or immunosuppressed)

65
Q

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a/w with?

A

Inflammatory bowel disease
RA/SLE
Haematological
GPA

66
Q

What is a classic history for discoid eczema?

A

More common in winter months
Can leave hyperpigmentation/ hypopigmentation
More common on extremities
Can get crusty/ vesicles etc

67
Q

Features of pyogenic granuloma

A

Occurs as a result of trauma eg thorn or splinter

68
Q

Management of Tinea Capitis

A

oral griseofulvin
Tinea wapitis (ring worm) fungal infection - can be scarring.
V infectious can spread between children

Tomakesense 3 (15 decks)

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