Dermatology Flashcards
Whats the third layer of the skin, and what does it contian?
Subcutaneous
- arteries and veins
- adipocytes
- collagen fibres
Whats the second layer of the skin called and what are its main components?
Dermis
- sebacous glands, nerve endings, muscle fibres, hair follicles, blood vessels, lymph vessels
Outline the function of the epidermis
- Prevents water loss
- Melanocytes protect skin against UV radiation
3.
List the characteristics of skin under normal conditions
- pH: 4.5 to 5.75
- good balance of oil and moisture
What is seborrhea?
Treatment options
- An oily skin condition where over-active sebaceous glands causes excess production of sebum and inflammation = acne
- mainly affects face, upper back and chest
- Treatment: wash twice daily with mild soap or soapless cleanser (that is pH balanced)
What is the role of a moisturiser?
Protects and improves the skin barrier from bacteria and allergens
Benefits of lotions
- They are thinner and flowing in consistency which helps to cover large areas quickly with ease
- they are great to cover in sebum producing areas as they are less likely to clog the follicles
Ointments are fantastically occlusive and hold moisture in the skin. Correct?
YES
Fragrances can be allergernic and possibly drying so it is best to avoid them. Correct
YES
How do bath oils work?
Leaves a film of oil –> nicely traps the moisture –> the skin becomes soft and hydrated
Outline the characteristics of mild acne
- An inflammatory condition
- Excess sebum prod. –> blocks and inflames the hair follicle and sebaceous glands
- Shows up as papules, comedones and pustules
What is mild dermatitis and outline the treatment options?
- Itchy inflammation of the skin
1. Thick moisturiser applied at least twice a week, intermittent corticosteroids
2.
How does UV radiation change the physiology of the skin
- changes in distribution, amount and structure of collagen –> signs of aging such as fine lines, wrinkles
- loss of elasticity and dryness
Benefits of sunscreens
- reduces the risk of skin cancers in later life
- reduces aging
When to apply sunscreen?
Apply before sun exposure snd repeat every 2 hours
Outline the procedure to treat bee stings
- The first thing i want you to do is to remove the sting and wash the area with soap and water
- Pop a cold pack on as soon as you have done that and what this will do is reduce the swelling and inflammation
- I can give you some treatment if someone can come in and get it/if you have got some panadol that can work but even better is a topical analgesic so something that is going to numb and make the area more comfortable
- i particularly like a local anaethestic 3% gel which is quite strong - If the area is quite enlarged and red then this is a sign of an allergic reaction. If thats the case, we can recommend you an anti-histamine
- Another important thing I want to know is that if you are experiencing any anaphylaxis symptoms - any wheezing or breathing difficulties, how about facial swelling, any pain in the abdomen and lastly and vomiting events
