Dermatology Flashcards
Increased thickness of the stratum spinosum due to hyperplasia or hypertrophy
Acanthosis
Loss of hair
Alopecia
The process of an individual cell death characterized by rounded, individual brightly eosinophilic keratinocytes
apoptosis
A round, eosinophilic cellular extrusion formed by degenerating basal cells dropped off in the lower epidermis or upper dermis
Apoptotic body
A hypersensitivity state subject to hereditary influences
atopy
Refers to a specific degenerative change in epidermal cells, characterized by swollen, pale, eosinophilic cytoplasm with intracellular edema without vacuolation
ballooning degeneration
Abnormal deposits of calcium in tissues as in calcinosis cutis and calcinosis circumscripta
Calcinosis
Exaggerated hyperkeratosis in a localized area, especially over pressure points
callus
Accumulation of keratin and dried sebum in a dilated pilosebaceous orfices
Comedo(-ones)
Dried exudates on the skin surface, composed of secretion +/- epithelial or bacterial debris
crust
Refers to some abnormality in cell maturation processes and morphology or the relationship between cells in epithelial structures
dysplasia
Loss of normal stratification of the epidermis has the connotation of possible progression to neoplasia
Dysplasia
Flat to minimally elevated ring of scale that enlarges peripherally
epidermal collarette
separation of the epidermis and dermis with the formation of sub epidermal clefts and blisters
Epidermolysis
a rapid development of primary lesions of the skin
eruption
redness produced by capillary dilation and congestion
eyrthema
superficial linear erosion or ulcer caused by scratching and rubbing
excoriation
migration of inflammatory cells and or erythrocytes through the intercellular spaces of the epidermis
exocytosis
growing outward from the skin surface
exophytic
growing inward from the skin surface
endophytic
Deep linear defect from the epidermis to the dermis
fissure
inflammation of the hair follicles
folliculitis
follicular abscess, “boil,” ruptured folliculitis
furnicle
thickening of the stratum corner due to an increased number of keratinized cells
hyperkeratosis
form of hyperkeratosis where the nuclei are lost
orthokeratosis
type of hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei in keratinized cells
parakeratosis
presence of more then normal amount of hair
hypertrichosis
Thickening of skin with exaggeration of normal markings. consists of acanthuses, hyperkeratosis, and dermal fibrosis
lichenification
a flat, circumscribed, alteration in skin color or texture. may be pale or hyperpigmented to erythematous
macule
macule greater than 2 cm in diameter
patch
circumscribed palpable elevation of skin less than 1 cm in diameter, usually due to cellular infiltration or proliferation, inflammatory or neoplastic
papule
a large papule >1cm; a circumscribed domed lesion raised above the Lebel of the epidermis- often extends into the dermis
nodule
Grossly refers to flat-topped papule. microscopically refers to a horizontal dense band-like infiltrate of mononuclear cells in the papillary dermis obscuring the dermo-epidermal junction
lichenoid
flat topped nodule
plaque
small circumscribed epidermal or dermal accumulation of purulent exudate
pustule
purulent dermatitis
pyoderma
common word for crust
scab
flake of abnormal or compacted cornfield epidermal cells
scale
a functional disturbance of sebaceous glands or of lipid metabolism of the epidermis. accompanied by abnormal keratinization processes
seborrhea
widening of intercellular spaces due to intercellular epidermal edema
spongiosis
usually, not always, neoplastic nodule
tumor
a small, circumscribed elevation of epidermis caused by accumulation of clear fluid within or beneath the epidermis
vesicle
a large intraepidermal or sub epidermal vesicle
bulla
sharply circumscribed skin elevation produced by edema of the superficial dermis
wheal
What disease of the epidermis is this?
staphylococcus intermedius
exfoliative toxins
young dogs
pustules
Impetigo
Which disease of the epidermis is this?
large erythematous macule with peripheral collarettes
exfoliative toxin
staph intermedius
Superficial spreading pyoderma
Which disease of the epidermis is this?
sub corneal or sub granular vesicles –> pustules
seen on the muzzle, planum nasale, etc
bilaterally symmetrical
not muscocutaneous but often targets face and feet
Pempihus foliaceus
This vesicular and bulbous disease has a defect with desmocollin 1
pempigus folliaceus
What type of cells are in the pustule of pempigus folliaceus infected patient?
Acantholytic cells
Very rare disease of the epidermis that is autoimmune disease, and produces an autoantibody against DG-3
Pemphigus vulgaris
Which cells is DG-3 strongly expressed by?
suprabasilar keratinocytes
Which type of vesicular and bulbous disease is seen in the oral cavity and mucocutaneous junctions
PV
Interface disease of the dermal-epidermal junction that is a relatively common autoimmune disease restricted to the nasal planum for the most part
cutaneous lupus erythematous
This autoimmune disease has lesions consistent with bilateral depigmentation, erythema, scaling of the planum nasal, and loss of cobble stone appearance of the planum
CLE
Microscopically, CLE has basal vacuolar degeneration, apoptosis, lichenoid interface lymphocytic inflammation and ______ incontinance
pigmentary
