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Y4 Medicine > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common skin cancer in the general population?

A

BCC

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2
Q

What is the most common skin cancer in the immunosuppressed population?

A

SCC

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3
Q

What are the two precursors of SCC?

A

Actinic keratoses
Bowen’s disease

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4
Q

What is another name for a BCC?

A

Rodent ulcer

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5
Q

Where does a BCC arise?

A

The basal layer of the epidermis

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6
Q

How does a BCC present?

A

Slow growing
Asymptomatic
Repeatedly scabs

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7
Q

What are the typical features of a BCC?

A

Pearly
Rolled edge
Central ulceration
Telangiectasia

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8
Q

What are the three types of BCC?

A

Nodular
Superficial
Infiltrative

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9
Q

What is the management of nodular BCC?

A

Excision

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10
Q

What is the management of superficial BCC?

A

Non-surgical - cryotherapy, topical treatment or photodynamic therapy

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11
Q

Where does an SCC arise?

A

Supra basal keratinocytes

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12
Q

What areas are usually affected by SCC?

A

Chronically sun-exposed skin

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13
Q

How is an SCC managed?

A

Excision

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14
Q

What is acne?

A

A chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous units

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15
Q

Outline the four factors contributing to the pathogenesis of acne

A

Poral occlusion
Bacterial colonisation
Dermal inflammation
Increased sebum production

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16
Q

What is the main bacteria associated with acne?

A

Propionobacterium acnes

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17
Q

Define mild acne

A

Scattered papules and pustules

18
Q

Define moderate acne

A

Numerous papules, pustules and mild atrophic scarring

19
Q

Define severe acne

A

Moderate acne + cysts, nodules and significant scarring

20
Q

Name two types of scarring that can be seen in acne

A

Atrophic
Hypertrophic

21
Q

What is the basis of treatment of mild acne?

A

Topical treatment only

22
Q

What is the basis of treatment of moderate acne?

A

Topical treatment and oral antibiotics

23
Q

What is the basis of treatment of severe acne?

A

Isotretinoin

24
Q

What skin changes are seen in rosacea?

A

Papules, pustules and erythema

25
Q

Name three possible complications of rosacea

A

Permanent telangiectasia
Ocular inflammation
Rhinophyma

26
Q

Criteria for diagnosis of atopic dermatitis

A

Itching plus 3 or more of:
- Visible/history of flexural rash
- Personal history of atopy
- Dry skin in the past year
- Onset <2 years

27
Q

Complications of chronic scratching in atopic dermatitis

A

Lichenification
Scarring
Pigmentation changes
Infection

28
Q

Impacts of lack of sleep with atopic dermatitis

A

Irritability
Mood changes
Lack of concentration
School problems

29
Q

Presentation - Severe Icyhthyosis Vulgaris

A

Dry skin
Hyperlinear palms

30
Q

Cause - Severe Icyhthyosis Vulgaris

A

Deficiency of filaggrin

30
Q

Cause - Severe Icyhthyosis Vulgaris

A

Deficiency of filaggrin

31
Q

Associated Condition - Severe Icyhthyosis Vulgaris

A

Atopic dermatitis

32
Q

Possible side effects of topical corticosteroid

A

Skin thinning
Increased skin infections
Telangiectasia
Steroid acne

33
Q

Name a mild topical corticosteroid

A

Hydrocortisone 1%

34
Q

Name a moderate topical corticosteroid

A

Clobetasone butyrate 0.05%

35
Q

Name a potent topical corticosteroid

A

Betamethasone valerate 0.1%

36
Q

Name a very potent topical corticosteroid

A

Clobetasol propinate 0.05%

37
Q

Step 1 management of atopic dermatitis

A

Emollients

38
Q

Step 2 management of atopic dermatitis

A

Emollients + mild TCS

39
Q

Step 3 management of atopic dermatitis

A

Emollient’s + moderate TCS
Consider calcineurin inhibitors

40
Q

Step 4 management of atopic dermatitis

A

Emollients + potent/very potent TCS
Specialist input

Y4 Medicine (7 decks)

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