Dermatology Flashcards
What is atopic dermatitis?
Probably the most common type.
It is when a genetic barrier dysfucntion causes itchy, dry and inflammed skin
Usually an abnormality in filaggrin expression.
What is Seborrheoic dermatitis?How is it treated?
This is found on the face and sclap and is associated with scale patches, often in < 3 months old.
Treament:
Emolliants
Antifungal creams and shampoos
Mild topical steroids (e.g, hydrocortisone)
What is discoid dermatitis? How is it treated?
This areas of itchy, dry and inflammed skin are seen in annular/circular patches.
Difficult to treat, needs steroid with antibacterial component
What is pomphylx dermatitis?
Vesicles found of palms and soles
What is varicose dermatitis?
Dermatitis assocaited with odema and venous insufficiency.
How does eczema/dermatitis present?
Red, dry itchy skin which flares and settles.
Often has family history.
How does atopic eczema present in infants?
Often starts of their face or neck (most often cheeks) and then can become widespread
What pattern does atopic eczema present with in older children?
Flexural pattern mostly, so antrcubital fossae, popliteal foassae, wrists, hands and ankles.
What can cause flares in eczema?
Infections Enviromental triggers: heating, cold air Pets- if allergic Teething Stress Idopathic sometimes
What can cause flares in eczema?
Infections Enviromental triggers: heating, cold air Pets- if allergic Teething Stress Idopathic sometimes
What can cause flares in eczema?
Infections Enviromental triggers: heating, cold air Pets- if allergic Teething Stress Idopathic sometimes
What can cause flares in eczema?
Infections Enviromental triggers: heating, cold air Pets- if allergic Teething Stress Idopathic sometimes
How is eczema treated?
Emollients Topical steroids Calcineurin inhibitors (steroid sparing agents e.g. protopic) UBV light therpy Immunosuppressive medication
Also suits and mittens can prent scratching and allow emollient more time to absorb.
What is a mild usually first line topical steroid?
Hydrocortisone
What is a moderate topical steroid?
Eumovate
What is the next step up from Eumovate?
Betnovate (potent)
What is the strongest topical steroid used?
Dermovate - very potent and rarely used
How should you use topical steroids on face?
In more sensative areas e.g face need to limit steroid use. Only used mild or moderate for 3-5 days then stop and repeat if needed.
If need to use regularly switch to a steroid sparing agent e.g. Tacrolimus
What are some steroid sparing agents that can be used?
Protropics e.g. Tacrolimus
What is impertigo and how is it treated?
Acute superficial bacterial infection, caused by staph aureus.
Pustules and honey coloured crusted erosions seen around nose and mouth.
Treat with:
Topical antibacterial (fucidin)
or
Oral antibiotic (flucloxacillin) if not responding
What is molluscum contagiosum and how is it treated?
Common begnin and self limiting pearly papules.
Can take up tp 24 months to clear but usually clear without treatment.
Reassure
Can be treated with potassium hydroxide is very concerned but don’t use if in the area of eczema.
How ware viral warts treated?
Usally appear same colour as skin.
Often clear themselves
Can treat with salicylic acid or cyrotheapy or oral zinc
What is parovirus?
Also called slapped cheek
Erythematous rash initally appearing on cheeks then lacework like rash on trunk and limbs.
Self limiting, 6 weeks to fade
What is eczema herpeticum?
A child witha history of eczema becomes unwell.
Mornomorphic punched out lesions.
treat by:
withholding steroids for 24hrs
Aciclovir - oral or iv
Opthalomology review if near eye
