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Dermal Science 3 > Dermatitis > Flashcards

Dermatitis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Atopic Dermatitis?

A

It is a disorder of immune regulation where your skin become red and itchy and tends to flare up periodically. More common in males.

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2
Q

Who and which ethnicity are more likely to get Atopic Dermatitis ?

A

Mostly on children but it can occur at any age. It mostly affect caucasian and rarer on chinese

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3
Q

What can be associated with Atopic Dermatitis?

A

There is a strong association between atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis (hayfever)

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4
Q

What is the cause of the Atopic Dermatitis?

A

There is a strong genetic links as 2/3 sufferer have family history of rhinitis and asthma

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5
Q

What are the biochemical feature of Atopic Dermatitis?

A
  • increased TEWL
  • decrease in water binding ability
  • decrease in ceramide levels
  • decrease in the number of keratohyalin granules
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6
Q

What treatments and managements can help with Atopic Dermatitis?

A 
Treatments
- mild cleanser
- emollients n other hydrating tment
- antihistamine (pruritis)
- antibiotics (if secondary infection present)
- calcineurin inhibitors
Phototherapy

Managements

  • control rubbing scratching
  • avoid wool
  • shower not too hot
  • no vigorous sport
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7
Q

What is Asteototic Dermatitis?

A

Dry and irritable skin due to loss of SC lipids with aging which causes the splitting of SC

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8
Q

Who are more likely to get Asteototic Dermatitis?

A

Elderly, men 60+

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9
Q

What is the distribution of Asteototic dermatitis?

A

Mainly limbs, often shins and may involve trunk as well

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10
Q

Treatments for Asteototic Dermatitis

A
  • mild cleanser
  • Infrequent bathing
  • Tepid baths
  • emollients
  • room humidifier
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11
Q

What is Seborrhoeic Dermatitis and what is the cause?

A

It is a common skin condition chracaterised bu redness and scaling in region where sebaceous glands are more active and the cause is unknown

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12
Q

What are the 2 age group with Seborrhoeic Dermatitis? Explain the distribution and symptoms too!

A

more common in males n ppl with HIV

  1. Infants
    - cradle cap, face, scalp, some on the trunk (often self-limiting)
    - present with no itch
    - large yellow scales
  2. Adults (teens-50 y.o.)
    - face, scalp (persistent dandruff), chest, and hairy areas
    - pruritus worsen in winter
    - red to yellow glazed looking lesions
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14
Q

What are the two types of Contact Dermatitis? Explain the differences!

A
  1. Direct Irritant Contact Dermatitis - caused by exposure to substance
  2. Allergic Contact Dermatitis - caused by contact with allergen, can occur after a year and can spread beyond area of contact
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15
Q

What is acute direct irritant contact dermatitis? Give example

A

Single exposure to powerful irritant such as strong acid

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16
Q

What is subacute direct irritant contact dermatitis? Give example!

A

Repeated exposure in small area e.g. nappy rash

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17
Q

What is chronic direct contact dermatitis? Give example!

A

Damage caused to epidermis due to repeated exposure to material that removed skin lipid barrier e.g. continued hand washing

18
Q

What is the clinical feature of acute direct contact dermatitis?

A

Skin becomes reddish brown and vesicles might present. Lesion develop quickly (6-12 hrs) and are painful and itchy. Recovery usually rapid after irritant being removed.

19
Q

What is the clinical feature of subacute direct contact dermatitis?

A

Eruthema, crusting, and possibly blister

20
Q

What is the clinical feature of chronic direct contact dermatitis?

A

Dry, fissures areas of the skin. Very susceptible to secondary infections

21
Q

What is phototoxic agents? Examples?

A

Everything that can produce dermatitis in anyone if sufficient contact accompanied by UV light exposure (causing photosensitivity reaction)

e.g perfume and derivatives of celery, parsley, coal tar etc

22
Q

What are the common sensitisers for allergic dermatitis?

A

Nickel, rubber, preservatives, topical steroid, topical antibiotics, rhus, formaldehyde

23
Q

What are treatments that can help with Seborrhoeic Dermatitis?

A
  • shampoo containing ketoconazole, ciclopirox, selenium sukohide, zinc purithione, and tar
  • weak corticosteroids (lower inflammation in the body)
  • UV therapy
  • wash - sodium sulfacetamide

Dermal Science 3 (3 decks)

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