dermatitis Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

what does hyperkeratosis mean

A

increased thickness of keratin layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does parakeratosis mean

A

persistence of nuclei in the keratin layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does acanthosis mean

A

increased thickness of epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does spongiosis mean

A

oedema between keratinocyctes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what pathology is seen in biopsy of skin with eczema

A
  • spongiosis

- inflammatory cell infiltrate: acute or chronic lympohoctes and/or neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the acute and chronic phase features of dermatitis

A

acute phase

  • papulovesicular
  • erthematous (red) lesions
  • oedema (spongiosis)
  • ooze or scaling and crusting

chronic phase

  • thickening (lichenification)
  • elevated plaques
  • increased scaling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the immunopathology of contact allergic dermatitis

A
  • langerhans cells in epidermis process antigen (immunogenicity)
  • increased processed antigen is the presented to Th cells in dermis
  • sensitised Th cells migrate into lymphatics and then to regional nodes where antigen presentation is amplified
  • on subsequent antigen challenge specifically sensitised T cells proliferate and migrate to infiltrate skin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how do you patch test

A
  • batteries of allergen are place in small wells
  • applied to back skin and left in place for 48 hours
  • reactions checked after 96 hours
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is irritant contact dermatitis

A
  • non specific physical irritation rather than a specific allergic reaction
  • may overlap with atopic dermatitis
  • implication for occupation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are features of atopic eczema

A
  • pruritus
  • ill defined erythema and scaling
  • generalised dry skin
  • flexural distribution (varies with age)
  • associated with other atopic diseases

chronic changes

  • lichenification
  • excoriation
  • secondary infection (crusting indicates staph aureus)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the UK diagnostic criteria for atopic eczema

A

itching plus 3 or more

  • visible flexural rash
  • history of flexural rash
  • personal history or atopy (or fist degree relative is under 4 yr)
  • generally dry skin
  • onset before age 2
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

treatment of eczema

A

1) plenty of emollients
2) avoid irritants including shower gel and soap
3) topical steroids
4) treat infections
5) phototherapy - mainly UVB
6) systemic immunosuppressants
7) biologic agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the gene that can cause eczema

A

fillagrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is a evident feature of photosensitive eczema

A

cut off at collar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly