Derm/Minor surgery

Question 1

Blue macules among the pubic hair is likely what infection?

Answer 1

Lice (pediculosis)

Question 2

Descibe the clinical signs and symptoms of measles

Answer 2

i. ) Cough
ii. ) Coryza
iii. ) Conjuctivitis
iv. ) Koplik spots
v. ) Descending maculopapular rash

Question 3

What are the main symptoms of mumps?

Answer 3

i. ) Parotitis
ii. ) Orchitis
iii. ) Aseptic Meningitis

Question 4

Brown-Pearly papule typically on the face with telangiectasia

Answer 4

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Question 5

Orange peel lesion from a superficial lymphatic infection

Answer 5

Erysipelas

Question 6

Tinea Versicolor is caused by what microorganism?

Answer 6

Pityrosporum orbiculare (a yeast).

Note: it is not contagious!

Question 7

Describe how gas gangrene forms

Answer 7

1. ) Clostridium perfringens infection
2. ) Lecithinase (alpha toxin) produced
3. ) Mass necrosis of peripheral tissue
4. ) Degradative enzymes ferment muscle sugars and produce gas crepitations leading to gas gangrene

Question 8

Cat Scratch Fever is caused by what bacteria?

Answer 8

Bartonella henselae (transmitted by cat bites and potentially by licking)

Question 9

Describe the progression of cutaneous anthrax signs and symptoms

Answer 9

1. ) Incubation of 2-5 days
2. ) Erythematous papules that become vesicular.
3. ) Lesions ulcerate over 7-10 days
4. ) Black eschar (necrosis) develops around an edematous base forms.
5. ) Usually resolves but can develop into fatal sepsis

Question 10

What HPV strains are associated with common warts?

Answer 10

1, 2

Question 11

How do you differentiate a mealses rash from rubella?

Answer 11

Rubella = truncal

Measles = starts on head and travels in a descending pattern

Question 12

Erythematic papules arranged in a circle. This skin lesion arises from leukocytosis and subsequent WBC clumping in the superficial blood vessels of the dorsum of the hands and feet

Answer 12

Granuloma annulare

Question 13

Urticaria that presents as small papules during stress, exercise, or overheating

Answer 13

Cholinergic urticaria

Question 14

In what patient is guttate psoriasis most frequently present in?

Answer 14

Young adults who have recently had a bacterial infection- such as an URI (strep throat).

The lesions typically present as small erythematic macules on the trunk and upper proximal extremities; treated with mild steroids (hydrocortisone) & sun exposure

Question 15

What age group is most likely to experience pemphigus vulgaris?

Answer 15

Middle-aged and older patients

Question 16

This skin lesion is pruritic, polygonal, purple papules with reticular white lines on the surface (Wickham striae)

Answer 16

Lichen Planus

Polygonal means it has straight edges

Question 17

What subtype of melanoma is the most aggressive?

Answer 17

Nodular Melanoma

Question 18

What is the most common causative agent for impetigo?

Answer 18

Streptococcus pyogenes or Staph aureus

Question 19

What subtype of melanoma most commonly occurs in darker-skinned people?

Answer 19

Acral Melanoma (typically occurs on palms & soles or nail beds)

Aggressive version of melanoma

Question 20

What is Koebner’s phenomenon?

Answer 20

Skin lesions which appear at the site of injury (or scratching)

Question 21

Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma that develops rapidly and then regresses spontaneously

Answer 21

Keratoacanthoma

Question 22

A common type of urticaria in which the skin becomes inflamed and raised when scratched or rubbed

Answer 22

Dermatographia

Question 23

What do tinea versicolor lesions look like?

Answer 23

Macules that often coalesce and may be white, pink, salmon, red, tan, or even brown. The lesions may scale and there may be mild pruritis.

The spots become more noticeable as the skin tans because the yeast (Pityrosporum orbiculare) prevents the underlying skin from tanning.

Question 24

What allele variant is psoriasis associated with?

Answer 24

HLA C

Question 25

Benign skin growth that originates from keratinocytes. These lesions are found on sun-exposed areas of older people

Answer 25

Seborrheic keratosis

Question 26

This topical medication is used in people with psoriasis and eczema that is non-responsive to less potent corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone

Answer 26

Mometasone

Dexamethasone is more potent that mometasone

Question 27

Isotretinoin
Clinical Use
ii.) Mechanism

Answer 27

(Accutane)

i. ) Clinical Use = Severe Nodular Acne
ii. ) Mechanism
a. ) Synthetic High Dose Vitamin A that reduces sebum production and regulates epithelial cell growth

Question 28

Isotretinoin

iii. ) Side Effects
iv. ) Contraindications

Answer 28

iii. ) Side Effects
a. ) Palpitations & Tachycardia
b. ) Purpura
c. ) Crohn’s & UC
d. ) Alopecia, Decreased Night Vision, DDD, arthralgia, keloids, dry eyes, and dry skin all persist even after discontinuation
iv. ) Contraindications
a. ) Pregnancy (teratogenic)
b. ) Smoking

Question 29

Isotretinoin

v.) Interactions

Answer 29

v. ) Interactions

a. ) Reduces Contraceptive effectiveness

Question 30

This acne treatment is teratogenic

Answer 30

Isotretinoin

Question 31

This medication may have side effects that persist even after discontinuation:
alopecia, night blindness, IBD, keloids, and dry eyes

Answer 31

Isotretinoid