Derm, lect 5 Flashcards
clinical presentation
- frequently seen in sun-exposed areas
- may see permanent hair loss and common to see loss of pigmentation
- lesions are purple-red plaques with scales. pulling off scale reveals small, spiny projections
- common areas: scalp; face; external ears
discoid lupus
if you diagnose a patient with discoid lupus, what is something you should always consider? What tests can you run to rule it out?
systemic lupus erythematous (SLE
- ANA: anti-nuclear antibody
- anti-double stranded DNA
- Anti-smith antibody
treatment for discoid lupus
- protect area from sunlight
- can use high potency steroids but not on face
what diseases/conditions is porphyria cutanea tarda associated with?
- liver disease
- hepatitis
- ingestion of estrogens
clinical presentation
- painless sub-epidermal blistering of skin on dorsum of hands
porphyria cutanea tarda
clinical presentation
- itching and burning in hairy areas
- pustules with hair growing out of them
folliculitis
common bacteria that cause folliculitis
- most common cause is staph aureus
- hot-tub folliculitis is caused by pseudomonas
what organism causes erythema migrans
borrelia burgdorferi
clinical presentation:
- rash usually occurs 3-32 days after tick bite
- rash: slightly raised, warm red with central clearing. resembles target lesion
erythema migrans
- characteristic rash seen in the early stages of lyme disease
treatment of erythema migrans
systemic abx
- usually amoxicillin or doxycycline
- this rash is caused by circulating immune complexes
- involves mucosal surfaces
- may be associated with viral, bacteria, or fungal infections (HSV is most common cause), or medicinal drugs
- target lesions
erythema multiforme
treatment for erythema multiforme
topical or systemic steroids
clinical presentation:
- morbilliform rash
- caused by Abx and sulfonamides
drug eruption
what organism causes erysipelas
B-hemolytic streptococci
clinical presentation
- pain
- malaise
- chills
- moderate fever
- edema
- spreading, well-circumscribed papule/plaque
- warm to touch and red
Erysipelas
clinical presentation
- diffuse, spreading infection with staph or group A strep
- usually involves deeper dermis and subcutanous fat
- swelling, streaking erythema associated with pain
- lesions expand
- associated with fever, chills and malaise
cellulitis
clinical presentation
- lesions begin as papules that progess to vesicles surrounded by erythema
- yellow crust covers ruptured vesicle
- autoinnoculation results in satelitte lesions
- common areas: face, neck and extremities
- may have regional adenopathy
impetigo
clinical presentation
- prodrome: high fever and flu like symptoms for 1-3 days before skin lesions appear
- bullae and sloughing of epidermal layers
- involves > 30% of skin
- usually caused by medications
toxic epidermal necrolysis
clinical presentation
- intensly pruritic vesicular disease
- vesicles easily rupture due to scratching
- approximately 75% of patients are gluten sensitive
dermatitis herpetiformis
adrenal gland failure can cause this disease which leads to a loss of feedback inhibition of pituitary. ACTH acts on the adrenal gland to release cortisone. Since the adrenal gland isn’t functioning properly, there is an increase in the production of ACTH.
- ACTH is secreted with melanocyte stimulating hormone
addisons disease
chronic use of oral glucocorticoids causes what symptoms
- purpura
- steroid acne
- moon face and buffalo hump (Cushing’s disease)
increased levels of androgens (testosterone) can have what effects on the skin
- increased sebum
- acne
- androgenic alopecia
- hirsutism: abnormal growth of hair on a persons face or body (pictured)
