DERM FINAL Flashcards
HSV 1 and 2
-primary, latent, recurrent
-fluid
HSV 1:
-Most people have been exposed
-Skin to skin contact
-Viral shedding when there are no active sores
-Kissing, Sharing utensils…
-1 day tx
HSV 2:
-20% sexually active adults carry
-Female
-Have other sexually transmitted
-Weakened immune system
-10 days tx
Rosacea
-rhinophyma- treat with lasers
-metronidazole
-minocycline + doxycycline low dose
-sodium sulfacetamide for pustules
molluscum contagiosum
-Benign
-not a wart
-Lesions that appear anywhere on the body
-White, pink or flesh colored
-Umbilicated
-Itchy, red sore and swollen
-Highly contagious
-pox virus*
-tx:
-Cryotherapy (oweeeeeee)
-Cantharone
-Podophyllin, Acids, Retin A, imiquimod
-trigger inflammatory casade
zoster
-Reactivation of Chickenpox virus
-Virus lives in the dorsal nerve root and becomes activated
-Stress?
-Illness
-Imuno compromised
-Infection follows lines of Langer
-Rarely crosses midline!
-tzank smear- not dx but can differentiate from herpes -> PCR*
-tx:
-Famciclovir 500mg po q 8hrs x 7 days
-Acyclovir 800mg po q 4 hrs x 7-10 days
-Valacyclovir 1000mg po q3x a day x 7 days
-Pain meds prn
-PHN- Post Herpetic Neuralgia
Imiquimode
-a topical immune-activating medication
-can treat BCC
SCC treatment
-SCC’s can have “skip areas” -> MOHS is not fool proof
-lymph bx for invasive
-radiation when surgical resection not possible
-immunotherapy- cetuximab
melanoma tx
-Interferon-2a for stage II and III
-sentinel node bx
HSV tx vs Zoster
ZOSTER
-Famciclovir 500mg po q 8hrs x 7 days
-Acyclovir 800mg po q 4 hrs x 7-10 days
-Valacyclovir 1000mg po q3x a day x 7 days
HERPES
-within first 72 hrs
-topical or oral
-Famvir
-Zovirax cream
-Valtrex
-frequent infections -> prophalax with antiviral Valtrex
-Cold sores 2 grams 2x a day for 1 day
-Genital Herpes 1 gram 2x a day for 10 days
pemphigus
-positive nicholsky sign
pityriasis rosea
Unknown Cause
Possibly triggered by viral infection
Not Contagious
Herald Patch
Can be Itchy
Self limiting
Can last weeks to years!
contact dermatitis tx
-topical steroid
-Steroid shot (IM)
-Calamine lotion
-Oral antihistamines are not suggested for PI
drug eruption tx
-Discontinuation of offending drug
-Antihistamines
-Steroids oral and topical
-Should be considered in any unexplained skin rash
-Base diagnosis on clinical observation
-Make sure to get a DETAILED history of prescription meds, OTC meds and supplements
actinic keratosis tx
-cryotherapy
-blue light
-5-FU field therapy- topical chemo
-mutation in p53
basal cell carcinoma- appearance, variants
-pearly, shiny
-teleangiectasia
-Variants- nodular, pigmented, superficial, morpheaform (AKA infiltrative)
-Morpheaform can grow deep and not noticeable on the epidermis
-MOHS * - elliptical excision with wide margins
-ED+C x3
-radiation for unresectable tumors
-cryosurgery
perioral dermatitis tx
-DC all topical creams
-non steroidal:
-Tacrolimus
-Pimecrolimus
-Topical erythromycin, clindamycin- can burn
-Metronidazole 1%*
-Sometimes miconazole with zinc (zinc soothes)
hidradenitits suppurativa
-follicular rupture release keratin and bacteria
-vigorous inflammatory response
-abscess and sinus tract -> scarring
-MILD-topical and oral antibiotics, intralesional steroid injections, oral antibiotics, spironolactone
-MODERATE- TNF (tumor) Inhibitors, dapsone, cyclosporine, oral retinoids, isotretinoin
-SEVERE- excisions and de-roofing
satellite pustules
-candidiasis
-scaling
-plaques
atopic dermatitis
-sometimes bx -> spongiosis
-yellow crusting
-Topical Calcineurin inhibitors tacrolimus, pimecrolimus
-no oral steroids
cellulitis
-plaque
-lymphangitic spread- lymphangitis
stasis dermatitis
-deep venous thrombosis
-overweight
drug reactions
-morbilliform rashes and hives
-4-14 days
DRESS: causes, tx
-type 4 hypersensitivity
-2-6 weeks
-damage occurs due to overreaction from immune system, involves the activation of t-cells and release of cytokines
-looks red and dry
-genetic predisposition to DRESS syndrome
-inability of liver to metabolize certain drugs
-reactivation of certain viruses, such as epstein barr virus (EBV) or human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6)
-tx:
-supportive
-early systemic corticosteroids (suppress immune)
-STOP DRUG
epidermis and dermis
-stratum corneum*- dead, keratin, barrier
-stratum lucidum- thick, hairless, palms+soles
- stratum basale- mitosis, melanocytes
-vitamin D
-tempature
-5% CO
-sensation
-DERMIS- collagen
descriptors
-papule < 1cm- raised
-macule < 1cm- flat
-plaque > 1cm- raised -> wheal
-patch > 1 cm- flat
-nodule- dermis
-vesicle < 1 cm fluid filled
-bulla- > 1cm- fluid filled
-erosion- superficial, epidermis, no scar -> weep
-ulcer- part of dermis, scar -> decubitus