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Derm Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Daptomycin

A
  • Antibac
  • depolarizes cell MEMBRANE, causing K efflux
  • for aerobic g+ bac
  • R sided endocarditis
  • IV ONCE A DAY
  • bound to albumin
  • renal excretion
  • DDI with statins
  • antagonized by surfactant, so not for PNA
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2
Q

Linezolid

A
  • Antibac
  • inhibits protein synth by binding 23S RNA subunit
  • for SERIOUS VRE INFX, Pen-resistant S. Aureus, MRSA
  • oral and IV
  • 100% oral absorption
  • renal/nonrenal elim
  • metabolized by non enzymatic oxidation
  • AA: myelosuppression (neuropathy), oral form has aspartame
  • DD: MAOI’s + HTN from decreased breakdown of tyramine
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3
Q

Streptogramins (dalfupristin, Quinupristin)

A
  • Antibac
  • inhibit protein synth at 23S subunit
  • bactericidal as a combo
  • gram+ bac
  • VRE including E. FAECIUM
  • IV only
  • met. by CYP3A4
  • biliary excretion
  • AA: thrombophlebitis, elevated conj. bilirubin
  • inhibits CYP3A4, CYP450
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4
Q

Tigecycline

A
  • Antibac
  • like tetracycline
  • inhibits protein synth at 30S subunit
  • not for pseudomonas or proteus
  • IV
  • renal/hepatic/biliary excretion
  • AA: hepatic/renal toxicity, affects bone and teeth and sensitivity to sunlight
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5
Q

Rifampin

A
  • for TB, leprosy, gram+cocci, MRSA, prophylactic for those exposed to meningitis
  • for both slowly and rapidly dividing cells
  • inhibits bac/mycobac RNA synth by binding to beta subunit of DNA dep RNA Polymerase
  • hepatic metabolism
  • crosses placenta and meninges
  • AA: discolors body fluids, makes diabetes harder, elevates hepatic enzymes, hemolysis
  • CYP inducer
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6
Q

Clindamycin

A
  • antibac
  • inhibits protein synth by binding 50S
  • like erythromycin
  • for oral infx, pneumocystis jiroveci, for ANAEROBES, BOTH GRAM+ AND -
  • good oral absorption, widely distributes (But not CSF or IC)
  • AA: PSUEDOMEMBRANOUS COLITIS FROM C. DIFFICILE, GI, rash
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7
Q

Mupirocin

A
  • antibac
  • inhibits protein/RNA synth by binding tRNA synthetase
  • for impetigo
  • topical, not systemically absorbed
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8
Q

Bacitracin

A
  • antibac
  • inhibits cell wall synth
  • topical and IV
  • AA: nephrotoxic
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9
Q

Acyclovir

A
  • Antiviral
  • for VZV, Chicken pox
  • competively inhibits DNA Pol by competing for binding with deoxyguanosine
  • needs kinase
  • renal elim
  • AA: neurotoxic incl. seizures
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10
Q

Cidofovir

A
  • Antiviral
  • for Pox, HHV6, HHV7, HHV8
  • competes with deoxycytosine
  • don’t need a kinase
  • renal elim
  • AA: nephrotoxic, probenecid hypersensitivity
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11
Q

Famcyclovir (pencyclovir)

A
  • Antiviral
  • for VZV and HHV8
  • competitively inhibits DNA Pol by competing for binding with deoxyguanosine
  • needs kinase
  • renal elim
  • no known AA’s!
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12
Q

Foscarnet

A
  • antiviral
  • for HHV6
  • binds at pyrophosphate binding site to block further chain elongation
  • don’t need a kinase
  • renal elim
  • AA: electrolyte imbalance, chelates Ca ions
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13
Q

Gancyclovir

A
  • antiviral
  • for HHV6 and HHV8
  • competitively inhibits DNA Pol by competing for binding with deoxyguanosine
  • needs kinase
  • renal elim
  • AA: anemia, leukopenia….and teratogen
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14
Q

Valacyclovir

A
  • antiviral
  • for VZV and CP and HHV8
  • binds at deoxyguanosine spot
  • needs kinase
  • renal elim
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15
Q

Valgancyclovir

A
  • antiviral
  • for HHV6
  • binds at deoxyguanosine spot
  • needs kinase
  • renal elim
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16
Q

General Treatment for Leprosy

A

Sulfone + Rifampin (For Lepromatous, + Clofazamine)

17
Q

Dapsone

A
  • Anti Leprosy (and acne vulgaris, dermatitis herpetiformis)
  • inhibits PAB acid metabolism by being folate antagonist (like sulfamethoxazole)
  • also inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis by inhibiting 2nd messenger pathways
  • renal elimination
  • AA: Dapsone syndrome(metabolite hydroxylamine) causes hemolysis, methemoglobinemia, hepatitis, jaundice, hypoalbuminemia, SJS…
  • DDI: inc. toxicity of cimetidine, dec. toxicity of trimethoprim, dec. clearance of probenecid
18
Q

Clofazamine

A
  • Anti Leprosy Drug
  • binds mycobac guanine in DNA
  • antiinflamm, immunosupp
  • hepatic metab, highly lipophilic
  • AA: discolors fluids, black tarry stools, tanner skin
  • can treat reversal reactions and erythema nodosum
19
Q

Clarythromycin

A
  • Anti Leprosy

- inhibits 50S ribosomal subunit

20
Q

Minocycline

A
  • Anti Leprosy

- inhibits 30S subunit

21
Q

Ofloxacin

A
  • Anti Leprosy

- inhibits bac DNA gyrase

22
Q

Thalidomide

A
  • Anti Leprosy
  • inhibits NFKB and decreases leukocyte migration
  • AA: inc. plasma HIV viral load, teratogen, somnolence>rash>headache
  • myeloma

Derm (5 decks)

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