Derm Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
Daptomycin
A
- Antibac
- depolarizes cell MEMBRANE, causing K efflux
- for aerobic g+ bac
- R sided endocarditis
- IV ONCE A DAY
- bound to albumin
- renal excretion
- DDI with statins
- antagonized by surfactant, so not for PNA
2
Q
Linezolid
A
- Antibac
- inhibits protein synth by binding 23S RNA subunit
- for SERIOUS VRE INFX, Pen-resistant S. Aureus, MRSA
- oral and IV
- 100% oral absorption
- renal/nonrenal elim
- metabolized by non enzymatic oxidation
- AA: myelosuppression (neuropathy), oral form has aspartame
- DD: MAOI’s + HTN from decreased breakdown of tyramine
3
Q
Streptogramins (dalfupristin, Quinupristin)
A
- Antibac
- inhibit protein synth at 23S subunit
- bactericidal as a combo
- gram+ bac
- VRE including E. FAECIUM
- IV only
- met. by CYP3A4
- biliary excretion
- AA: thrombophlebitis, elevated conj. bilirubin
- inhibits CYP3A4, CYP450
4
Q
Tigecycline
A
- Antibac
- like tetracycline
- inhibits protein synth at 30S subunit
- not for pseudomonas or proteus
- IV
- renal/hepatic/biliary excretion
- AA: hepatic/renal toxicity, affects bone and teeth and sensitivity to sunlight
5
Q
Rifampin
A
- for TB, leprosy, gram+cocci, MRSA, prophylactic for those exposed to meningitis
- for both slowly and rapidly dividing cells
- inhibits bac/mycobac RNA synth by binding to beta subunit of DNA dep RNA Polymerase
- hepatic metabolism
- crosses placenta and meninges
- AA: discolors body fluids, makes diabetes harder, elevates hepatic enzymes, hemolysis
- CYP inducer
6
Q
Clindamycin
A
- antibac
- inhibits protein synth by binding 50S
- like erythromycin
- for oral infx, pneumocystis jiroveci, for ANAEROBES, BOTH GRAM+ AND -
- good oral absorption, widely distributes (But not CSF or IC)
- AA: PSUEDOMEMBRANOUS COLITIS FROM C. DIFFICILE, GI, rash
7
Q
Mupirocin
A
- antibac
- inhibits protein/RNA synth by binding tRNA synthetase
- for impetigo
- topical, not systemically absorbed
8
Q
Bacitracin
A
- antibac
- inhibits cell wall synth
- topical and IV
- AA: nephrotoxic
9
Q
Acyclovir
A
- Antiviral
- for VZV, Chicken pox
- competively inhibits DNA Pol by competing for binding with deoxyguanosine
- needs kinase
- renal elim
- AA: neurotoxic incl. seizures
10
Q
Cidofovir
A
- Antiviral
- for Pox, HHV6, HHV7, HHV8
- competes with deoxycytosine
- don’t need a kinase
- renal elim
- AA: nephrotoxic, probenecid hypersensitivity
11
Q
Famcyclovir (pencyclovir)
A
- Antiviral
- for VZV and HHV8
- competitively inhibits DNA Pol by competing for binding with deoxyguanosine
- needs kinase
- renal elim
- no known AA’s!
12
Q
Foscarnet
A
- antiviral
- for HHV6
- binds at pyrophosphate binding site to block further chain elongation
- don’t need a kinase
- renal elim
- AA: electrolyte imbalance, chelates Ca ions
13
Q
Gancyclovir
A
- antiviral
- for HHV6 and HHV8
- competitively inhibits DNA Pol by competing for binding with deoxyguanosine
- needs kinase
- renal elim
- AA: anemia, leukopenia….and teratogen
14
Q
Valacyclovir
A
- antiviral
- for VZV and CP and HHV8
- binds at deoxyguanosine spot
- needs kinase
- renal elim
15
Q
Valgancyclovir
A
- antiviral
- for HHV6
- binds at deoxyguanosine spot
- needs kinase
- renal elim
