Derm - Cellulitis, pemphigus & other - Exam 1 Flashcards
What is lymphangitis?
Inflammation of lymphatic channels due to inflammation or infection
-Can present as tender, red streaks extending proximally
How can you effectively monitor changes in cellulitis in follow up visits?
Mark the borders to see how it has changed
What is folliculitis?
Inflammation of the hair follicle leading to pustules an papules.
- Usually infectious (Staph aureus most common, or pseudomonas is common cause of hot tub cellulitis)
- Itching and pain
What can folliculitis progress to?
A furuncle and a carbuncle/abscess
What is the treatment for staphylococcal folliculitis?
- Usually self limited, but moderate, severe, or persistent need treatment
- Topical antibiotics (mupirocin) or oral antibiotics (cephalexin)
What is the treatment for suspected MRSA folliculitis?
Sulfa, Clindamycin, or Doxycycline
What bacteria is responsible for gram negative folliculitis, or hot tub folliculitis?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What is the treatment for Gram negative folliculitis?
- It is self limited and often resolves with good hygiene within one week.
- Consider oral ciprofloxacin for severe cases
What are the 3 variants of impetigo?
Nonbullous, bulbous, and ecthyma impetigo
What is impetigo?
Contagious superficial bacterial infection. Occurs in children more than adults. Autoinoculation may result in satellite lesions
What is the most common form of impetigo?
Nonbullous
What is the presentation of nonbullous impetigo?
Papules -> vesicles -> pustules -> honey colored crusting
What is the presentation for bulbous impetigo?
Vesicles enlarge and form flaccid bulla
What is the presentation for ecthyma impetigo?
“Punched out” ulcers with overlying crust
What pathogen is responsible for bulbous and nonbullous impetigo?
S. Aureus
-MRSA is an uncommon cause
What is the pathogen responsible for ecthyma impetigo?
Strep bacteria
How is impetigo diagnosed?
- Clinical diagnosis
- Culture and gram stain reveal gram-positive cocci staph aureus 95% of the time
How is mild bullous and nonbullous impetigo treated?
Topical antibiotics - Mupirocin
How is Moderate to severe bullous and nonbullous impetigo treated?
Oral antibiotics covering S. Aureus and streptococcal bacteria (Dicloxicillin, cephalexin)
How is ecthyma impetigo treated?
Always treated with oral antibiotics (Dicloxicillin, cephalexin)
What patient education should be given to patients with impetigo?
Hand washing and gently wash lesions
What are the 2 types of cellulitis?
Nonpurulent and purulent
What is cellulitis?
Diffuse, spreading superficial infection caused by B-hemolytic strep. Staph aureus (including MRSA) is less common
What are the nonpurulent cellulitis infections?
Cellulitis or erysipelas