Derm

Question 1

macule

Answer 1

small flat spot <1cm

Question 2

patch

Answer 2

flat spot or lesion greater then 1.0 cm.

Question 3

Papule

Answer 3

raised lesion up to 1 cm

Question 4

Plaque

Answer 4

raised lesion greater than 1cm

Question 5

nodule

Answer 5

firm, hard lesion, deeper than a papule, greater than 0.5 cm

Question 6

cyst

Answer 6

– nodule filled with material, liquid or semi-solid.

Often encapsulated.

Question 7

vesicles

Answer 7

fluid filled lesions less
than 1.0 cm.
Single or in clusters.

Question 8

bulla

Answer 8

fluid filled lesion greater than 1cm

Question 9

wheal

Answer 9

superficial localized area of skin.

Blanche with pressure.

Question 10

pustule

Answer 10

open lesions with pus

acne

Question 11

scale

Answer 11

flaking of dead exfoliated epidermis

Question 12

crust

Answer 12

dried residue of skin exudates such as serum, pus, or blood

Question 13

lichenification

Answer 13

thickening of the epidermis and roughing of the skin surface often from rubbing or scratching.

Question 14

excoriation

Answer 14

linear erosions caused by scratching

Question 15

koebner phenomena

Answer 15

skin trauma from scratching may cause a new lesion

Question 16

fissure

Answer 16

linear crack in skin

Question 17

ulcer

Answer 17

deeper loss of epidermis

Question 18

geographic

Answer 18

looks like irregular continants

Question 19

serpiginous

Answer 19

snake like distribution

Question 20

tinea

Answer 20

advancing red border with central clearing

Question 21

heliotrope

Answer 21

over and around the eyelids

Question 22

vellus hair

Answer 22

short, fine, inconspicuous, unpigmented (peach fuzz)

Question 23

terminal hair

Answer 23

coarse, thick, pigmented

head, eyebrows, pubic

Question 24

catagen phase

Answer 24

transitional phase (3%)

Question 25

telogen phase

Answer 25

resting phase 10-15%

Question 26

anagen phase

Answer 26

growth phase (85-90%)

Question 27

clubbing of nails

Answer 27

rounding of nail, soft and spongy

congential, CHRONIC HYPOXIA, heart disease, lung cancer, hepatic cirrhosis

Question 28

psoriasis

Answer 28

causes small pits in the nais, nail itself may thicken

Question 29

skin coloration

Answer 29

melanin= brown 
carotene= yellow 
carboxyhemoglobin= red 
blue-red= de-oxyHb cyanosis

Question 30

KOH prep

Answer 30

look for skin infected with fungi

can see cellular elements and branching hyphae

Question 31

tzanck smear

Answer 31

test for herpes

see multinucleated giant cells

Question 32

Gram stain

Answer 32

can identify staph (bacterial) as well as WBC

Question 33

Oil mount

Answer 33

scabiei mites from skin scraping

Question 34

Basal cell carcinoma

Answer 34

80%
arise from basal cell layer of epidermis
grow slowly, rarely metastasize
rodent ulcer

pearl white papule , telangiectasis

Question 35

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 35

16%
arise from upper layers of epidermis
metastasize

actinic keratoses
scales and crust
a lesion that does not get better with antibiotic

Question 36

malignant melanoma

Answer 36

4%
arise from melanocytes 
spread rapidly to any organ 
high mortality 
fair skin at higher risk, may require deforming surgery 
ABCDE