Derm Flashcards
A 50 year old obese woman presents to clinic with skin-colored lesions on her neck. Based on the image, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Acrochordons B) Nodular basal cell carcinoma C) Dermatofibromas D) Seborrheic Keratoses E) Common warts
A) Acrochordons
A 60 year old female presents with a pruritic lesion on her back that is becoming more raised. (See photo). The most likely diagnosis is a
A) dermatofibroma B) Flat wart C) Melanoma D) Seborrheic keratosis E) Solar Lentigo
D) Seborrheic keratosis
A 32-year-old male presents with an asymptomatic papule on his thigh that he noted following an inflamed hair follicle. It dimples on either side when squeezed. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Benign melanocytic Nevis B) Dermatofibroma C) epidermal inclusion cyst D) keloid E) Seborrheic keratosis
B) Dermatofibroma
A 42 year-old African American woman presents with brown papules located around her eyes and on the malar cheeks. Several of her aunts were similarly affected at the same age. She would like them removed. Which of the following treatments is most likely to cause hypopigmentation?
A) liquid nitrogen
B) Low voltage electrodessication
C) Keratolytic moisturizer
D) Snip excision
A) Liquid nitrogen
A 60-year-old woman presents with scattered light-brown macule on her dorsal hands and face, which have increased in number in recent years. They do not bleed and are otherwise unchanged. She works as a dog walker just outside of Los Angeles. Based on the image and history, what is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Actinic keratoses B) Nodular basal cell carcinomas C) Melanomas D) Solar lentigines E) Common warts
D) Solar lentigines
Which of the following is a major criterion for neurofibromatosis(NF) 1 and an important finding to look on a physical exam when screening suspected patients?
A) Axillary freckling B) Connective tissue nevus C) Dental enamel pits D) Facial angiofibromas E) Hypopigmented macules
A) axillary freckling
Patients with neurofirbomatosis 1 need to be followed closely for which of the following conditions?
A) Alopecia B) Bradycardia C) development delays and learning disabilities D) Hematuria E) Low blood pressure
C) development delays and learning disabilities
The patient featured in the photographs below has reddish papules on the nose, chin, and medial cheeks. You notice many small, scattered hypopigmented macules, what other physical exam findings would suggest that this patient has tuberous sclerosis?
A) dental enamel pits B) gingival fibromas C) Larger hypopigmented macules D) Periungual fibromas E) All the above
E) all of the above
Features of tuberous sclerosis include dental enamel pits, gingival fibromas, large hypopigmented macules and patches (“ash-leaf spots”), and periungual fibromas
You refer a newborn to Genetics because you discovered 5 hypopigmented patches (all 1-2cm) during her newborn nursery skin exam. Genetic testing confirms tuberous sclerosis (TS). Which of the following is part of the recommended clinical management for patients with TS?
A) Annual electrocardiogram (ECG) B) Annual liver ultrasound C) annual orthopedic evaluation D) Baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and electroencephalogram (EEG) E) Monthly urinalysis
D) Baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and electroencephalogram (EEG)
Due to CNS involvement and seizure potential, guidelines recommend MRI of the brain at diagnosis and every 1-2 years thereafter (in asymptomatic patients under 25 years of age). Guidelines also recommend a baseline EEG.
Patients with Sturgeon-Weber Syndrome can have which of the following findings associated with their capillary malformations?
A) Bone erosion B) Cysts C) Engorged veins D) Pulsation E) Soft tissue overgrowth
E) Soft tissue overgrowth
Presumably because of the underlying GNAQ mutation, capillary malformations can have associated soft tissue hypertrophy.
Capillary malformations (port-wine stains) like the one seen here can be associated with leptomeningealangiomatosis and seizures in the setting of Sturgeon-Weber Syndrome (SWS). Which of the following is recommended? (On the face)
A) Referral to endocrinology to test for growth hormone deficiency
B) Referral to ophthalmology to screen for glaucoma
C) Referral to orthopedics to evaluate for leg-length discrepancy
D) Referral to otolaryngology to screen for airway involvement
E) all of the above
B) refer to ophthalmology to screen for glaucoma
Port wine stains involving the skin around the eye (especially the eyelid) can be associated with glaucoma. They can arise at any time and can be congenital, so urgent ophthalmology referral is appropriate.
The 7 year old girl has had 2 months of hair loss with scaling in a few small patches. This one of the front of her scalp is most noticeable. What is the first step in making the correct diagnosis?
A) bacterial culture
B) blood test for thyroid stimulating hormone
C) Fungal culture
D) No testing needed for Seborrheic dermatitis
E) Punch biopsy
C) Fungal culture
A 10 year old boy has patches of hair loss with hairs of different lengths. His parents cut the hair short to try to prevent him from pulling on it. There is no scaling. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Alopecia areata B) early male pattern hair loss C) telogen effluvium D) tinea capitals E) Trichotillosis
E) Trichotillosis
A 30 year old woman has two patches of hair loss that shed suddenly, but there are a few hairs growing within them. There is no scale, and the skin feels very smooth. What do you tell her about the prognosis?
A) aggressive treatment with oral medication is needed in most cases
B) Most patients with this condition progress to total baldness of the scalp
C) The hairs are likely to regrow on their own within 6-12 months
D) this condition is a sign of internal malignancy
E) This condition may lead to permanent scarring
C) the hairs are likely to regrow on their own within 6-12 months
A 35 year old woman with normal menstrual periods complains of sudden hair loss throughout the scalp, over the past few weeks. She is not getting much sleep with her 6 month old breastfeeding throughout the night. She notices more hairs in the drain in the shower and on her hair brush. What is the most likely cause of this hair loss?
A) Adrenal tumor B) Hyperthryoidism C) medication - induced hair loss D) pregnancy and delivery E) Trichotillosis
D) Pregnancy and delivery
