Deprivation inequalities

Question 1

What is the deprivation explanation for health inequalities?

Answer 1

Having certain characteristics of deprivation leads to health inequalities.

Question 2

Examples of deprivation: Housing

Answer 2

High-density housing – lots of people living in small area often has negative connotations. Higher stress, noise pollution, lack of privacy.
Poor quality housing – Air and water quality can be poor.
Damp housing – Mould is a risk factor for respiratory illnesses e.g. bronchitus

Question 3

Examples of deprivation: location

Answer 3

Deprived areas often have:

Lack of work opportunities in local economy

Food environments (e.g., fast food/food deserts) Access to a supermarket or is there no access to good food? Therefore are you relying on a convenience store or fast food. Experiences linked with these aspects:

Question 4

Examples of deprivation: cultural background

Answer 4

Racism/discrimination = lack of access to wealth

Question 5

What is the Townsend score?

Answer 5

Townsend score measures by an amalgamated single score composed of several different factors:
% Unemployed
% Overcrowded
% Rented Housing
% W/No car

Question 6

Schools and deprivation

Reading: (Chivu and Reidpath, 2010)

Answer 6

It was found that schools in the least deprived quintile had 1.32 times the odds of requesting health promotion materials than schools in the most deprived areas.

Question 7

Evidence for impact of housing

Reading: (Marsh et al., 2000)

Answer 7

Growing up in poor-quality housing increases the risk of disability or severe ill health, and that a history of poor housing during childhood continues to be a risk factor among adults who have subsequently moved to better-quality housing.

Question 8

Characteristics of ‘poor-quality’ homes can include.

Reading: (WHO, 2010)

Answer 8

Poor structural integrity, ventilation and temperature regulation, and the presence of condensation or damp, which in turn may lead to health risks from biological agents, including microbes, mould and animal infestations, and from chemical pollutants.

Question 9

Housing size/ lack of space impacts on health

Reading: (WHO, 2010)

Answer 9

Lack of space may reduce feelings of privacy and control, placing a strain on household relationships and increasing the risk of health problems related to stress, including mental health and wellbeing.

Question 10

It was found that schools in the least deprived quintile had 1.32 times the odds of requesting health promotion materials than schools in the most deprived areas.

Answer 10

(Chivu and Reidpath, 2010)

Question 11

Growing up in poor-quality housing increases the risk of disability or severe ill health, and that a history of poor housing during childhood continues to be a risk factor among adults who have subsequently moved to better-quality housing.

Answer 11

(Marsh et al., 2000)

Question 12

Poor structural integrity, ventilation and temperature regulation, and the presence of condensation or damp, which in turn may lead to health risks from biological agents, including microbes, mould and animal infestations, and from chemical pollutants.

Lack of space may reduce feelings of privacy and control, placing a strain on household relationships and increasing the risk of health problems related to stress, including mental health and wellbeing.

Answer 12

(WHO, 2010)