deprivation Flashcards
what is deprivation
when an attachment has been made and then broken/lost
why might deprivation occur
-mother going to hospital
-mother going to work
-mother dying
-divorce
-parent neglect
what is the study that studies effects of short term disruption to attachment
robertson and bowlby
aim of robertson and bowlbys study into st deprivation
aimed to identify the short term effects of seperation from the care giver of a young child
procedure of robertson and bowlbys study into st deprivation
naturalistic observation of young children aged 1-4 y.o placed in residential nurseries whilst mother was absent majority of cases mother was in hospital
films were made using time sampling methods
behavioural and emotional reactions were monitored to asses effects on children
why was a time sampling method used in robertson and bowlbys study into st deprivation
to avoid researcher bias
results of robertson and bowlbys study into st deprivation
there is three stages to seperation PDD
what is the p in pdd and how is this shown in robertson and bowlbys study into st deprivation
protest - showing distress calling and crying for absent caregiver some appeared panicked, angry and fearful
what is the 1st d in pdd and how is this shown in robertson and bowlbys study into st deprivation
despair - they became calmer and apathetic and show little interest in anything self comforting behaviours present
what is the 2nd d in pdd and how is this shown in robertson and bowlbys study into st deprivation
detachment - child appeared to be coping and showed more interest however they were emotionally unresponsive they avoid new attachments and showed no interest when caregiver returned but re-established attachment over time
what was robertsons and robertsons study into deprivation
-case study of children who had been seperated for a short amount of time
what did robertsons and robertsons study into deprivation find
found separation doesn’t have to cause pdd if the child is given good quality care
strengths of robertson and bowlby
- mundane realism
- naturalistic setting more representative of deprivation
- time sampling more structured and less observer bias
weaknesses of robertson and bowlby
- not watching all the time so may miss details
- focuses too much on monotropic bond and ignores other caregivers
weaknesses of robertson and robertson
only one person in each study not generalisable
otoh of robertson and robertson
only ethical way to study deprivation as cannot remove child from parent
what was the sample of bowlbys 44 thieves study
44 thieves matched with 44 emotionally disturbed boys/girls
what was the procedure of bowlbys 44 thieves study
1st conducted IQ tests and emotional attitudes tests
then interviews about emotional assessments and asked parents about childhood
what was the results of bowlbys 44 thieves study
17/44 thieves had experienced long term seperation as a child
of that 17 14 were considered affectionless psychopaths
no one in the control group was an affectionless psychopath
strength of bowlbys 44 thieves study
- multiple interviewers so higher interrater validity
- lower obserever bias by having multiple interviewers
- matched on education and iq which removes extraneous variables
weaknesses of bowlbys 44 thieves study
not all the thieves experienced separation so not the only reason for delinquent behaviour
what is affectionless psychopathy
inability to experience emotionally intense relationships , lack of affectionate behaviour and specific lack of guilt and remorse when causing distress to others
how may long term deprivation occur
if there is seperation between mother and infant within first few years the bond will be irreversibly broken leading to severe emotional consequences
what did bowlby call it when the bond with the mother is disrupted
maternal deprivation
describe the process of maternal deprivation
- disruption to attachment process (damages iwm, don’t know how to behave)
- inability to form relationships with others
- lack of moral constraints on behaviour
- delinquent or criminal behaviour
consequences of deprivation
aggression, depression, delinquency
what did spitz find when looking into deprivation
LONG TERM
found institutionalised children suffered extreme depression if they remained in an orphanage
strengths of spitz
supports that deprivation in bad
weaknesses of spitz
done in 1946 so orphanages were very different
case study so not generalisable to the wider population
what did goldfarb find when researching deprivation
LONG TERM
found that earlier fostering led to more emotionally stable and intelligent adolescents compared to children fostered later
strengths of goldfarb
supports that deprivation is bad for children
useful so children can be fostered
what did rutter find when researching deprivation
found that it was the cause of the sepration and not the seperation itself that caused the problems with the childs development
he claims that the problems seen in children is not the lack of attachement but the lack of stimulation and social experiences
how to reduce the effects of deprivation
provide continuous substitute who provides good quality care
key workers in day care
less time spent in daycare
conflict minimized and regular contact with estranged partners
