Depressive Disorders//Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders//Feeding and Eating Disorders

Question 1

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Answer 1

-Presence of obsessions, compulsions or both:
–Obsessions defined by (1) and (2):
—Recurrent/persistent thoughts/urges/images that are experienced as intrusive & unwanted and that mostly causes anxiety/distress
—Attempts to ignore/suppress such thoughts/urges/images OR to neutralize them w some other thought or action
–Compulsions are defined by (3) and (4):
—Repetitive behaviors/mental acts that feels driven in response to obsession or according to rigid rules
—Behaviors/mental acts aimed at preventing/reducing anxiety/distress or preventing some dreaded event/situation; these behaviors/mental acts are not connected in a realistic way w what they supposedly neutralize/prevent or are excessive

-Obsessions/compulsions are time-consuming OR cause significant distress.impairment in social/occupational/other areas of functioning

-Symptoms not attributable to substances/medical condition

-Not better explained by other mental disorders

Question 2

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer 2

-5+ of the following during same 2-week period (one of the symptoms needs to be 1 OR 2):
–Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day
–Diminished interest or pleasure in all/almost all activities most of the day, nearly every day
–Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight loss gain OR decrease/increase appetite, nearly every day
–Insomnia OR hypersomnia, nearly every day
–Psychomotor agitation OR retardation, nearly every day
–Fatigue or loss of energy, nearly every day
–Feelings of worthlessness OR excessive/inappropriate guilt, nearly every day
–Diminished ability to think/concentrate OR indecisiveness, nearly every day
–Recurrent thoughts of death (not just fear of), recurrent suicidal ideation w/o specific plan, OR suicide attempt/specific plan for suicide

-Symptoms cause significant distress/impairment in social/occupational/other areas of functioning

-Episode is not attributable to physiological effects of a substance/other medical condition

-Occurrence of major depressive episode if not better explained by schizophrenia spectrum/psychotic disorders

-Has never been a manic/hypomanic episode

Question 3

Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 3

-Restriction of energy intake, leading to low body weight

-Intense fear of gaining weight/becoming fat OR persistent behavior that interferes w weight gain, even when underweight

-Disturbance in how one’s body weight/shape is experienced OR undue influence of body weight/shape on self-evaluation OR persistent lack of recognition of seriousness of current low body weight

Question 4

Binge-Eating Disorder

Answer 4

-Recurrent episodes of binge eating, both of the following:
–Eating, in short period of time, amount of food larger than most people eat in similar period/conditions
–Sense of lack of control over eating

-Episodes associated with 3+ of the following:
–Eating more rapidly than normal
–Eating until uncomfortably full
–Eating large amounts when not feeling physically hungry
–Eating alone because of feeling embarrassed by how much one is eating
–Feeling disgusted/depressed/very guilty afterward

-Distress regarding binge eating is present

-Occurs, on avg., at least 1/week for 3 months

-Not associated with recurrent use of inappropriate compensatory behavior like in bulimia nervosa & doesn’t happen during bulimia nervosa OR anorexia nervosa

Question 5

Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 5

-Recurrent episodes of binge eating, both of the following:
–Eating, in short period of time, amount of food larger than most people eat in similar period/conditions
–Sense of lack of control overeating

-Recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviours to prevent weight gain, i.e. self-induced vomiting OR misused laxatives/diuretics/other meds OR fasting OR excessive exercise

-Self-eval is unduly influenced by body shape/weight

-Disturbance doesn’t occur during episodes of Anorexia Nervosa