Bipolar and Related Disorders

Question 1

Bipolar I has which major symptoms?

Answer 1

Manic episode, hypomanic episode, and major depressive episode

Question 2

Bipolar II has which major symptoms?

Answer 2

Hypomanic episode and major depressive episode

Question 3

Definition of Manic episode

Answer 3

-Distinct period of abnormally/persistently elevated/expansive/irritable mood & abnormally/persistently increased goal-directed activity/energy, at least 1 week & most of the day, nearly every day

-During said period, 3+ of the following are present to significant degree & are noticeable change from usual behavior:
–Inflated self-esteem/grandiosity
–Decreased need for sleep
–More talkative/pressure to keep talking
–Flight of ideas/thoughts are racing
–Distractibility
–Increase in goal-directed activity/psychomotor agitation
–Excessive involvement in activities w high potential for painful consequences

-Mood disturbance is severe enough to cause impairment in social/occupational functioning OR to need hospitalization to prevent harm to self or others OR there are psychotic features

-Not attributable to physiological effects of substances/medical condition

Question 4

Definition of Hypomanic episode

Answer 4

-Distinct period of abnormally/persistently elevated/expansive/irritable mood & abnormally/persistently increased goal-directed activity/energy, at least 4 consecutive days & present most of the day, nearly every day

-During said period, 3+ of the following are present to significant degree & are noticeable change from usual behavior:
–Inflated self-esteem/grandiosity
–Decreased need for sleep
–More talkative/pressure to keep talking
–Flight of ideas/thoughts are racing
–Distractibility
–Increase in goal-directed activity/psychomotor agitation
–Excessive involvement in activities w high potential for painful consequences

-Associated w unequivocal change in functioning, uncharacteristic when not symptomatic

-Disturbance is observable by others

-Not severe enough to cause impairment in social/occupational functioning OR necessitate hospitalization; if there’s psychotic features, it’s manic

-Not attributable to physiological effects of substances

Question 5

Definition of Major Depressive episode

Answer 5

-5+ of the following during same 2-week period (one of the symptoms needs to be 1 OR 2):
–Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day
–Diminished interest or pleasure in all/almost all activities most of the day, nearly every day
–Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight loss gain OR decrease/increase appetite, nearly every day
–Insomnia OR hypersomnia, nearly every day
–Psychomotor agitation OR retardation, nearly every day
–Fatigue or loss of energy, nearly every day
–Feelings of worthlessness OR excessive/inappropriate guilt, nearly every day
–Diminished ability to think/concentrate OR indecisiveness, nearly every day
–Recurrent thoughts of death (not just fear of), recurrent suicidal ideation w/o specific plan, OR suicide attempt/specific plan for suicide

-Cause distress/impairment in social/occupational/other areas of functioning

-Not attributable to physiological effects of substances/medical condition