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psych: psychopathology > depression- treating > Flashcards

depression- treating Flashcards

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1
Q

True or False? CBT uses both behavioral and cognitive techniques?

A

True

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2
Q

CBT aims to break the vicious circle of ____?

A

-maladaptive thinking, feelings and behaviour

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3
Q

In CBT, the therapist aims to ____?

A

-make the client aware of the relationship between thought, emotion and actions

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4
Q

True or False? CBT focuses on past events and potential causes of depression?

A

False. CBT focuses on the ‘here and now’, looking for ways to improve the current state of mind.

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5
Q

True or False? CBT aims to have the client stay in therapy for the rest of their lives?

A

False. CBT aims to get the client to a point where they can work out their own ways of tackling their
problems.

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6
Q

What are the stages/ components of CBT?

A

-Initial Assessment
-Formulation and Goals
-Monitoring
-Homework
-Treatment Complete

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7
Q

How does the Initial Assessment in CBT for depression work?

A

-Carried out using the BDI (Beck’s Depression
Inventory) which gives you a score telling you the severity of the
depression.

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8
Q

What is the second stage of CBT? Explain it?

A

-Formulation (and) Goals
-A treatment plan is created involving the
client’s aims/ objectives for what they want to achieve with this
treatment.

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9
Q

What is the third stage of CBT? Explain it?

A

-Monitoring
- Checking symptom severity and see if progress is being
made, monitoring against the pervious result on the BDI.

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10
Q

What is the fourth stage of CBT? Explain it?

A

-Homework
-work given to the client to do in between sessions
-works as behavioral activation

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11
Q

What treatment for depression did Beck develop?

A

-Beck’s Cognitive Therapy/ ‘Client as Scientist’ Therapy

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12
Q

What is the central technique of Beck’s treatment for depression?

A

-identifying the negative triad of thoughts and challenging them.

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13
Q

What is the aim of Beck’s technique for treating depression?

A

-As well as challenging these thoughts directly, it also aims to help clients test the reality of their negative beliefs.

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14
Q

Which technique for treating depression may involve homework being set?

A

-Beck’s Cognitive Therapy

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15
Q

How does ‘homework’ setting in Beck’s technique work?

A

-Homework may be set, such as to record when they enjoyed an event or when people were nice to them.
-In future sessions if clients say an irrational belief such as ‘no one is nice to them’, the therapist can then produce the evidence produced by the homework and use it to prove the clients’ statements are incorrect.

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16
Q

Which technique for depression treatment may also be referred to as ‘Client as Scientist’?

A

-Beck’s Cognitive Therapy

17
Q

Which technique for treating depression has the central technique of identifying the negative triad of thoughts and challenging them?

A

-Beck’s Cognitive Therapy

18
Q

What treatment for depression did Ellis develop?

A

-Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy/ REBT

19
Q

What is the central technique of REBT treatment for depression?

A

-to identify and dispute irrational thoughts.

20
Q

How does REBT work?

A

-Upon a client saying a belief such as how unfair things seem, an REBT therapist would identify these and challenge this as an irrational belief.
-This would involve a vigorous argument.

21
Q

What are the two methods of disputing in REBT?

A

-empirical argument
-logical argument

22
Q

Which therapy involves identifying and disputing irrational thoughts?

A

-REBT

23
Q

What is the intended effect of disputing in REBT?

A

-to change the irrational belief and so break the link between negative life events and depression

24
Q

What is an empirical argument in REBT?

A

-involves disputing whether there is actual evidence to support the negative belief.

25
Q

What is a logical argument in REBT?

A

-involves disputing whether the negative thought logically follows from the facts

26
Q

What are the strengths of the CBT for depression?

A

-it is effective
-high recovery rates

27
Q

What are the limitations of CBT for depression?

A

-it may not work for the most severe cases
-emphasis of the treatment may be an issue.

28
Q

Explain the strength of cognitive treatments for depression that it is effective?

A

-it is effective in reducing symptoms of depression and in preventing relapse and there is a large body of evidence to support this.
-March et al (2007) found that after 36 weeks, 81% of the CBT group were significantly improved. This is equal to the % of people improved after using anti-depressants.
-Furthermore, it is usually brief, requiring 6-12 sessions, so is considered cost- effective meaning that it is usually first choice of treatment by the NHS.

29
Q

Explain the strength of cognitive treatments for depression that it has high recovery rates?

A

-Keller et al (2000) found the following recovery rates: 55% from drug treatment alone, 52% from CBT alone, and 85% when used together.
-This means that recovery rates can be higher when treatments are used together.

30
Q

Explain the limitation of the cognitive treatments for depression that it may not work for the most severe cases?

A

-In some cases, depression may be so severe that patients cannot
motivate themselves to engage in the therapy.
-In these cases, the patient is usually treated with antidepressants and then CBT can be used later on.
-Also, complex rational thinking involved in CBT makes it unsuitable for treating depression in clients with
learning disabilities.
-Sturmey (2005) suggests that any form of talking therapy is not suitable for people with learning disabilities,
including CBT.
-This is therefore a limitation as it means that CBT cannot be used as the sole treatment in all cases.

31
Q

Explain the limitation of the cognitive explanation for depression that emphasis of the treatment may be an issue?

A

-CBT focuses on the ‘here and now’
-However there may be links
between childhood experiences and current depression and clients might want to talk about these experiences.
-They can find this ‘present-focus’ very frustrating.
In addition, focusing on what is happening in the mind of the individual may end up minimizing the importance of the circumstances the individual is living in
-Eg. marriages with bullying partners, or jobs with overly critical bosses
-These could produce and reinforce irrational thoughts and maladaptive behaviours.
-This is a limitation because CBT will only be effective as a treatment if the cause is addressed.

psych: psychopathology (10 decks)

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