Depression and Self-efficacy

Question 1

What are the 3 examples of health behaviour?

Answer 1

1. medical service usage
2. compliance with medical regiments
3. self-directed health behaviors

Question 2

What is self-management and its 3 components?

Answer 2

Actual activities of taking meds, doing physical activity, etc

• medical management
• role management
• emotional management

Question 3

What factors influence adhering to healthier eating patterns in persons living with chronic illnesses? (name the 5 most important ones)

Answer 3

1. Stress
2. Culture
3. Mental state
4. Knowledge/education and cooking abilities
5. Self-efficacy

Question 4

What are 4 things to keep in mind in diabetes management?

Answer 4

• food and dietary preferences
• lifestyle
• traditional and religious beliefs
• beliefs about general health

Question 5

What is one of the main barriers in South Asia when it comes to self-management?

Answer 5

Language - communication between health professional and patient

Question 6

Who is more likely to have depression? (4)

Answer 6

1. women
2. lower exercise level
3. people having diabetes
4. previous depression

Question 7

What are the symptoms of depression?

Answer 7

Depressed mood OR
Loss of interest/pleasure AND (min 4 of the following):
- changes in weight/appetite
- insomnia
- lack of energy
- retardation
- lack of concentration

Question 8

What are the 3 questions used to screen for depression?

Answer 8

1. Are you depressed most of the time?
2. During the past 2 weeks, have you felt down, depressed, or helpless?
3. During the past 2 weeks, have you felt little interest or pleasure in doing things?

Question 9

What are the provider factors influencing health behaviour change?

Answer 9

The attitude of the health professional

• positive: encouraging and collaborative conversation
• negative: discouraging, not engaging

Question 10

What is self-efficacy? and who came up with this concept?

Answer 10

One’s confidence in being able to successfully perform an action to produce the desired outcomes
Bandura

Question 11

What is the self-efficacy model?

Answer 11

person -> behaviour -> outcome

Question 12

What are the 4 ways to increase self-efficacy in patients?

Answer 12

1. performance accomplishment
2. vicarious experience/modelling
3. reinterpreting symptoms
4. persuasion

Question 13

What is the most important factors that can decrease self-efficacy?

Answer 13

stress