Depression

Question 1

DSM-5 categories of depression

Answer 1

Major depressive disorder
└severe
└short-term

Persistent depressive disorder
└long-term or recurring
└sustained major depression

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
└childhood temper tantrums

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
└disruption to mood prior and/or during menstruation

Question 2

Major depressive disorder

Answer 2

└severe

└short-term

Question 3

Persistent depressive disorder

Answer 3

└long-term or recurring

└sustained major depression

Question 4

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Answer 4

└childhood temper tantrums

Question 5

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Answer 5

└disruption to mood prior and/or during menstruation

Question 6

Depression

Behavioural characteristics- how people act

Answer 6

Activity levels
└reduced energy levels= lethargic – withdraw from work, social life
└increased energy levels (psychomotor agitation)- can’t relax

Disruption to sleep and eating behaviour
└insomnia- reduced sleep
└hypersomnia- increased need for sleep
└appetite increase/decrease= weight gain/loss

Aggression and self-harm
└irritable= verbally/physically aggressive –can end relationship/job
└physical aggression againstself- cutting/suicide attempts

Question 7

Depression

Emotional characteristics- how people feel

Answer 7

Lowered mood
└ worthless, empty

Anger
└ negative emotion
└aggressive emotions can lead to aggressive behaviour

Lowered self-esteem
└ like themselves less than usual
└self-loathing

Question 8

Depression

Cognitive characteristics- how people think/process information

Answer 8

poor concentration
└can’t make decisions/ finish tasks
└bad for work

Attending to and dwelling on the negative
└ bias recalling unhappy events
└pay more attention to negative aspects

Absolutist thinking
└ ‘black and white thinking’