Depression Flashcards
What is depression on a hormonal level?
An imbalance of Serotonin and Dopamine.
Define:
Major Depressive Disorder
Major or clinical depression.
One of the leading causes of disability among US adults.
What percent of adults in the US will be diagnosed with a major depressive disorder?
16%
Examples of atypical antidepressants
Buproprion
Nefazodone
Mirtazapine
Trazodone
Examples of MAOIs
Isocarboxazid
Phenelzine
Tranylcpromine
Examples of MAOIs
Isocarboxazid
Phenelzine
Tranylcpromine
Examples of SNRIs
venlafaxine
desvenlafaxine
duloxetine
Examples of SSRIs
fluoxetine paroxetine sertraline fluvoxamine citalopram escitalopram
Examples of tricyclic antidepressants
amitriptyline nortriptyline desipramine clomipramine amoxapine doxepin protriptyline trimipramine imipramine
Define persistend depressive disorder (dysthymia)
Depressed mood that occurs for most of the day for more days than not for a period of at least two years.
Symptoms of dysthymia
eating patterns sleeping patterns low energy low self esteem concentration difficulties feelings of hopelessness
What comorbid conditions put someone at risk for dysthymia?
Anxiety disorders
Substance abuse
Define bipolar disorder:
Otherwise known as manic depressive disorder.
Patient will display major atypical shifts in mood or episodes of euphoria followed by depression.
How long can bipolar episodes last?
Days to month.
Can include shifts in appetitie, behavior, sleep, and activity.
The medication used for bipolar disorder is ________.
Lithium (Metal rock on!!!)
What gender is more likely to die by suicide?
Men
Define generalized anxiety disorder.
Hyper activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
Symptoms include: Increased BP Increased HR Perspiration Nausea Chest pain Dizziness SOB
What is OCD
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.
It’s an obsession followed by a compulsion.
What type of brain changes are seen with OCD?
Increased frontal cortex activity and subcortical structures.
Top four reasons men suffer PTSD
Rape
Combat Exposure
Childhood neglect
Childhood abuse
Top four reasons women suffer PTSD
Rape
Sexual molestation
Physical attack
Being threatened with a weapon
To be diagnosed with PTSD:
Patient must have: one re-experiencing symptom One avoidance symptom two arousal and reactivity symptoms two cognition and mood symptoms
What do re-experiencing symptoms include?:
Flashbacks (physically reliving the trauma)
Bad dreams
Frightening thoughts
What do avoidance symptoms include?
staying away from places, events, or objects that are reminders of the trauma.
Avoiding feelings or thoughts about the trauma
What do arousal and reactivity symptoms include?
Being easily startled
Feeling tense or “on edge”
Having difficulty sleeping
Having angry outbursts
What do cognition and mood symptoms include?:
Trouble remembering key features of the trauma
Negative thoughts about oneself or the world
Distorted feelings like guilt or blame
Loss of interest in activities
How often do veterans commit suicide?
22 / day
One every 65 minutes
