Depression Flashcards
What is a key characteristic of depression?
Anhedonia: loss of enjoyment of previously enjoyable experience
What is the final therapy used for depression?
Electroconvulsive therapy
What is normal grief?
Loss or sadness for up to 3 years after a loss or great pain
What type of grieving is not normal?
Grieving with suicidal ideation
What are the three stages of grief?
Shock-numb: disbelief, reality stage: anger, hurt, recovery stage: plan for future, move on
What are the abnormal types of grief?
Chronic grief, delayed grief, masked grief
What are risk factors for depression?
Family history, recent negative stress, negative childhood environment, lack of social support, having significant physical disabilities
What is ECT How does it work?
Electroconvulsive Therapy: use of electric induced seizure under anesthesia, 90% effective, side effect: memory loss
Name some theories of depression, at least three
Freud: conflict between ego and superego, Bowlby: depression due to childhood loss and subsequent adult loss, Seligman: learned hopelessness, Beck’s cognitive theory: how person feels more important than cause, Psyobiological: disease of the brain at some level
What intervention is priority after safety for depression?
Whatever the client says is important
Which of the following short term goals would be given high priority for a client w depression admitted to the inpatient unit because of attempted suicide?
The client will seek out the nurse when feeling self-destructive
dysthymia
a mild but long-term form of depression
common nurse diagnosis for depression
Self care deficit and risk for injury
Main goal of depression
Safety
Interventions for depression
self care/ADLs, engagement, exercise, open ended questions
Tricyclics
Easy to overdose, months to see effects, causes suicidal ideations.
SE: hypotension, sleepiness, anticholinergic
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI)
Inhibits the reuptake of serotonin
SE: agitation, insomnia, weight changes, headache, nausea, diarrhea, concern for suicidal ideations
Lack of energy
anergia
Loss of enjoyment of previously enjoyable activities
anhedonia
Sad facial features
melancholic
Name the stages of grief
Stage of shock: disbelief, deny days to months
Reality stage: anger, guilt, frustration, realizes reality of loss
Recovery stage: plans for future, starts to move on
chronic grief
never reaches a conclusion
exaggerated grief
grief is overwhelming
delayed grief
Working through grief is not accomplished at time of loss and remains with the person
Masked grief
Masked by either physical symptoms or maladaptive behaviors
Risk factors for depression
family history, recent negative stressors, childhood in negative home environment, no social support system, having significant physical disorders
Risk factors for abnormal grief
Ambivalence (mixed or contradicting feelings) toward the person lost, unresolved emotional conflicts with relationship, history of maladaptive coping behaviors
Normal grief
go through three stages of grief, but could take up to 3 years. No suicidal ideations
what drugs cause depression?
interferons
What is major nursing invention with post partum depression
Infant and mother safety. May have psychotic features resulting in infanticide
What foods to avoid while on MAOIs?
aged cheese, smoked, dried, pickled, cured, or preserved meats and fish, caviar, fava beans, avocado, chianti, beer with yeast, chocolate and coffee: some risk
What meds to avoid while on MAOIs?
Demerol, tricyclics, SSRI, amphetamines, OTCs, and diet meds
What kinds of cheese can you have while on MAOIs?
cottage cheese and cream cheese
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI)
Blocks enzyme metabolism of thyamine
SE: many drug and food interactions, hypertensive
What drugs aren’t helpful with depression?
Benzodiazepines
