depression

Question 1

define depression

Answer 1

a mental disorder characterised by low mood and low energy levels

Question 2

DSM-5 categories of depression

Answer 2

major depressive disorder
serve but often short term depression
persistent depressive disorder
long term or recurring depression including sustained major depression
diruptive mood dysregualation disorder
childhood temper tantrums
premenstrual dysphoric disorder
disruption to mood prior to and during menstruation

Question 3

behavourial characteristic of depression

Answer 3

activity levels
sufferers often have reduced energy levels making them lethargic having a knock on effect on their lives withdraw from work social life etc
disruption to sleep and eating behaviour
associated with changes to sleeping behaviour , suffers may experience reduced sleep (insominia) particularly premature waking or or an increased need for sleep (hypersomia) similarly appetite may increase decrease.
aggression and self harm
suffers are often irritable and can become verbally to physically agressive . can have serious knock on effects on their life verbally aggression may lead to breakups quoting jobs , physical harm aagsi8nt themselves ie self harm or suicide attempts

Question 4

emotional characteristics of depression

Answer 4

lowered mood
lowered mood is a defining emotinal element of depression but is more pronounced than int he daily kind of experience of feeling lethargic and sad patients often describe themselves as worthless and empty
anger
sufferer tend to experience more negative emotions and fewer positives , the experience of negative emotions is not limited to sadness , can be frequently angry can be directed at themselves or others can lead to self harm
lowered self esteem
sufferer tend to report reduced self esteem can be quite extreme with some sufferer of depression desrcibing a sense of self loathing

Question 5

cognitive characteristics of depression

Answer 5

poor concentration
suffer may find themselves unable to stick with tasks or hard to make decisions that would usually be straight forward , interfere with the individuals work
attending and dwelling on the negative
people are more inclined to pay more attention to negative aspects of a situation and ignore all the positives , also have a bias towards scaling unhappy events rather than happy ones, opposite bars unrepressed
absolutist thinking
sufferers tend to see situations as all good or all bad , black and white thinking . unfortunate situation = disaster