depression Flashcards
mood
pervasive and sustained emotion that influences one’s perception of the world and how one functions
affect
expression of mood
blunted affect
significantly reduced intensity of emotional expression
bright affect
smiling, projection of a positive attitude
flat affect
no emotion
inappropriate affect
discordant affective expression accompanying the content of speech or ideation
labile
abrupt shift in emotion
restricted/constricted
mildly reduced in the range and intensity of emotional expression
depression sx in children & adolescents
-anxiety
-somatic complaints
-act out & irritable
-psychomotor agitation
-increased risk of suicide in mid-adolescent years
depressive sx in older adults
-psychomotor retardation
-somatic complaints
-may be confused with bipolar, dementia, or CVA
-often associated with chronic illnesses (heart dx, stroke, & cancer)
MDD clinical course
-progressively recurrent
-episodes are more frequent, severe, and last longer
MDD diagnostic criteria
-have to have a depressed mood and/or loss of interest or pleasure in all activities for at least two weeks
-4/7 of: loss of sleep, appetite changes (or weight), changes in concentration or energy, psychomotor agitation or retardation, guilt or feeling of worthlessness, suicidal ideation
depression risk factors
-family hx
-lack of social supports
-lack of healthy coping abilities
-life and environmental stressors
-medial or mental illness comorbidities
-culture and ethnicity
depression biologic theories
-genetic factors
-dysregulation in nervous system
-decreased levels of serotonin
psychological theories
-psychodynamic factors
-behavioral factors
-cognitive factors
-developmental factors