Dependent clauses Flashcards
After
Essential: He xyz after you left.
Noness: He xyz this morning, after you left (after clause provides additional, nonessential info - this morning answers “when”)
All of which
Always nonessential
The rumors, all of which, were unfounded, xyz.
Although, even though
Though
Always nonessential
She typed an xyz, although I do not beleive she will submit it.
whatever you say before it HAS to need no additional information
She swam, even though the pool was closed.
As
Essential - THe xyz are as you predicted.
Nonessential - The results of xyz are dissapointing, as you predicted
Do not replace whether with as
As… as
always essential
He talked as persuasively as he did over the phone.
As if
As though
Essential - She drove as if (or though) the road were a minefield. (THe as tells how she drove)
Noness - She drove cautiously, as if…
(The as if tells nonessential info on how she drove)
As soon as
essential - We will fill your order as soon as we can.
noness - We will fill your order today, as soon as we can
At, by, for, in, to which
essential - I went to candy machine by the door.
Noness - I went to the black candy machine, to which I wanted a snack.(black tells what kind)
Because
Essential or nonessential depending on closeness of relation.
Ess - She left because she had another appointment
Noness - I need 2 copies by 5 o’clock, because I am leaving soon.
(The meaning of the main clause is complete, because provides additional info)
The oddity of “because” and a comma
Two sentences:
Im not going, because I distrust him.
Im not going because I distrust him.
(2nd means you’re not going for another reason altogether.)
Before
essential - The shipment was sent before your letter was recieved.
Noness - The shipment sent out on Tuesday, before…
For (meaning because)
Always Nonessential
Jim needs to xyz, for his bill needs to be paid by Friday.
If
Essential - Call me if you are interested.
Noness - She promised to call, if I remember.
