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PHASE 2 - > Dentistry > Flashcards

Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

between mandible and maxilla, which do you repair 1st if both are fractured?

A

mandible - caudal to rostral (symphysis last) then mid facial

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2
Q

to address tensile stress of mandible, what should be done in repairs with intraosseous wire?

A

provide 2nd area of fixation (stabilization) to neutralize shear and rotation

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3
Q

what are 2 wire patterns that can be utilizing a pin to augment repair for maxillofacial fracture?

A

skewer pin - drilled through bone fragments or placed on surface of bone “internal splint”

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4
Q

what are methods to overcome the downsides of ESF with mandible

A
  • place fixation pins through 4 cortices
  • bilateral placement of connecting bars (type 2 ESF)
  • place fixation of both mandibles in single arched connecting rod that traverses both sides
  • use acrylic connecting bar
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5
Q

what are 3 types of small plate systems used for mandibular fracture

A

martin miniplate (walter lorenz): titanium
synthes maxillofacial system: 1- 4 mm
advanced locking plate system (ALPS)

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6
Q

for mandibular fracture, what are options for large defects?

A

compression fixation with cortical bone graft or synthetic graft

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7
Q

where can cortical graft be excised from? what is the size limit?

A

ulna, rib
<40 cm

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8
Q

for ramus fracture, where do you put tension vs stabilization plate?

A

tension band plate - coronoid crest
stabilization plate - ventral condyloid crest

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9
Q

for sequence of treatment of mandible/maxillary fractures and teeth in fracture line, what is inside-to-outside

A

bone, then teeth, then soft tissues, then specific dental injury

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10
Q

what stress exhibited at:
oral/alveolar
aboral
ramus
rostral

A

oral/alveolar - tensile stress
aboral - compression
ramus - shear
rostral - rotational

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11
Q

what are the feline disease associated with dental disease

A

FeLV/FIV, feline bartonellosis

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12
Q

what are the dentition formulas cats/dogs? young/adults?

A

Cats:
young - 3/3, 1/1, 3/2
adult - 3/3, 1/1, 3/2, 1/1

Dogs:
young - 3/3, 1/1, 3/3
adult - 3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 2/3

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13
Q

what is the general quadrant system for dentistry?

A

R maxilla - 1_ _
L maxilla - 2 _ _

R mandi - 4 _ _
L mandi - 3 _ _

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14
Q

what is the rule of 4/9?

A

canine: _ _ 4
1st molar: _ _ 9

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15
Q

when radiographing teeth, what technique would you use for mandibular molars, mandibular premolars, nasal cavity?

A

parallel technique (film/pad/plate parallel to tooth)

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16
Q

when radiographing teeth, what technique would you use for other parts? what is the technique?

A

bisecting angle

17
Q

what are the 5 dental nerve blocks used?

A
  • maxillary n.
  • infraorbital n.
  • major palatine n.
  • inferior alveolar (mandibular) n.
  • middle mental n.
18
Q

what does each of the 5 dental nerve blocks affect?

A
  • maxillary n.: incisive bone, maxilla, palatine bone, maxillary teeth and soft tissue
  • infraorbital n.: incisive bone and maxilla, maxillary incisors, canine, PM and molar
  • major palatine n.: palatine shelf, maxillar/adjacent ST
  • inferior alveolar (mandibular) n.: rostral mandibular body and teeth, rostaral to injection site
  • middle mental n.: incisors and canine tooth of the corresponding side along with the adjacent bone and soft tissues.
19
Q

what makes up the periodontium?

A

gingiva, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and cementum

20
Q

closed treatment vs open periodontal therapy, which depth?

A

if pocket >5 mm -> open treatment

21
Q

modified widman flap?

A

internal bevel incision slightly apical to gingival margin and down to alveolar bone (no vertical incision)

22
Q

when are gingivectomy and gingivoplasty contraindicated?

A

when <2mm gingiva attached, also when horizontal/ventral bone loss extends beyond mucogingival junction

23
Q

what cells line pulp cavity? what do they produce?

A

odontoblasts - predentin (becomes dentin)

24
Q

what is complicated versus uncomplicated tooth fracture?

A

uncomplicated - without pulp exposure
complicated - with pulp exposure

25
Q

what is caries?

A

demineralization of tooth surface by acids during fermentation of highly refined carbs by cariogenic bacteria

26
Q

when is vital pulp therapy usually used?

A

primarily on teeth with complicated crown fracture, occurring up to 2 days prior to presentation of the animal that is greater than 18 months of age
AND
upto 2 weeks prior to presentation in animals less than 18 months of age

27
Q

what are 2 forms of root canal therapy?

A

apexification - treatment of closed apex when necrotic pulp in incompletely developed permanent tooth in young adult animals OR teeth in adult animals with open apices from root resorption
minimal shaping - fill root canal with CaOH2 paste with restoration of corcinal acces opening

retrograde root canal - sx treatment

28
Q

what component or material can a luxated avulsed teeth be placed on for temporary pulp protection before re-implantation

how long does it maintain vitality of periodontal ligament cells?

A

fresh milk

3-6 hrs

29
Q

what is placed in root pulp cavity for root canals?

A

CaOH

30
Q

what % cats affected by tooth resorption?

A

25-75%

31
Q

what are reported treatment options for stomatitis

A

professional dental cleaning
topical/systemic antibiotic +/- tooth extraction
topical chlorhexidine
corticosteroids
cyclosporine
bovine lactoferrin
low dose doxycycline
intertercon omega**

32
Q

what are contraindication with crown amputation with intentional root retention

A

teeth with periodontitis, endodontic disease, periapical pathology and not recommended when closed or open extraction possible

33
Q

what material is used to do maxillomandibular fixation? (intraoral splinting)? what is the benefit of this material?

A

bis-acryl fixation (composite)

thermal injury does not occur

34
Q

describe the 2 interdental wiring techniques mention in Tobias

A

Stout multiple loop
- place wire subgingivally between teeth
- loops situated buccal side of interdental spaces of maxillary teeth and lingual side of interdental space of mandibular teeth
- static wire end threaded through all loops so both wire ends twisted in pull and twist fashion

Risdon wiring
- wire anchored to one tooth, 2 wire ends twisted along dental arch and anchored again to another tooth

35
Q

what are 3 primary buttresses of maxillofacial skeleton? what direction and forces do they support?

A

rostral (medial) nasomaxillary ^
lateral (zygomaticomaxillary) #
caudal (pterygomaxillary) ^

^ - medial/caudal vertical support withstand transverse forces
# - vertical planes; withstand shearing

36
Q
A

PHASE 2 - (9 decks)

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