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BDS3 Paeds > Dental Trauma > Flashcards

Dental Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

In regards to dental trauma, how would you describe the term ‘concussion’?

A

Tooth is tender to touch but has not been displaced

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2
Q

In regards to dental trauma, how would you describe the term ‘subluxation’?

A

Tooth is tender to touch, has increased mobility but has not been displaced

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3
Q

What is extrusion?

A

When the tooth has been partially displaced from its socket

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4
Q

what is intrusion?

A

when the tooth is displaced through the labial bone plate

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5
Q

what is lateral luxation?

A

When the tooth is displaced in a palatal/lingual or labial direction

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6
Q

What is avulsion?

A

When a tooth is completely out of its socket

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7
Q

What is the most prevalent form of traumatic injury in the primary dentition?

A

Luxation

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8
Q

What are the 7 steps of patient management regarding dental trauma?

A

Reassurance
History
Examination
Diagnosis
Emergency treatment
Important information
Further treatment and review

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9
Q

What post op instructions would you give to the parent of a child that has been treated following dental trauma?

A
  • analgesia
  • soft diet for 10-14 days
  • brush with soft toothbrush after every meal
  • topical chlorohexidine 0.12% applied twice daily
  • warning regarding infection signs
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10
Q

What is a complicated crown fracture?

A

A crown fracture that involves the pulp

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11
Q

how would you treat an uncomplicated enamel-dentine fracture?

A
  • cover all exposed dentine with glass ionomer
  • restore lose tooth surface with composite immediately or at a later visit
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12
Q

How would you treat an enamel fracture?

A

smooth off any rough edges

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13
Q

how would you treat a complicated crown fracture?

A

Partial pulpotomy or extraction

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14
Q

How would you treat a crown-root fracture?

A

Remove loose fragment and determine if crown can be restored

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15
Q

how would you treat a root fracture where the coronal fragment has been displaced and is mobile?

A

Either
extract the loose coronal fragment

OR
reposition the loose coronal fragment and use a splint

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16
Q

What does a mild grey discolouration following dental trauma indicate?

A

intra pulpal bleeding
- still vital tooth

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17
Q

Why might a tooth become an opaque yellow colour following dental trauma?

A

represents plural obliteration:
- response of vital pulp
- pulp lays down increased thickness of dentine to protect itself

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18
Q

What percentage of school children experience dental trauma?

A

25%

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19
Q

What is the most common type of dental injury in the primary dentition?

A

Luxation

20
Q

What is the most common type of injury in the permanent dentition?

A

Crown fracture (enamel-dentine)

21
Q

What special investigations would you want to do with a child that has suffered dental trauma?

A
  • radiographs
  • sensibility tests
  • percussion - duller note may indicate root fracture
22
Q

How would you do a pulpectomy with a tooth with an open apex?

A

-rubber dam
-access cavity
- haemorrhage control - la and sterile water
- diagnostic radiograph to find working length
- file 2mm short of WL
- dry canal
- extirpate pulp and place CaOH for no longer than 4-6 weeks after identified non-vital
- plug with MTA and obturate with heated GP

23
Q

What emergency advice would you give a patient that has an avulsed permanent tooth?

A
  • hold tooth by crown, do not handle root
  • wash off any debris with cold water
  • store tooth in milk or saliva until it can be re-planeted
24
Q

trauma stamp components

A

sinus
colour
mobility
TTP
percussion
ethyl chloride
EPT
radiograph

25
Q

Extrusion splinting time

A

2 weeks

26
Q

intrusion splinting time

A

4 weeks

27
Q

avulsion splinting time

A

2 weeks

28
Q

lateral luxation splinting time

A

4 weeks

29
Q

root fracture splinting time

A

4 weeks

30
Q

dento-alveolar fracture splinting time

A

4 weeks

31
Q

properties of a splint

A

flexible
passive
ease of placement and removal
facilitate sensibility testing
aesthetic
allow oral hygiene

32
Q

pulp canal obliteration

A
  • response of a vital pulp
  • progressive hard tissue formation within pulp cavity
  • gradual narrowing of pulp chamber and pulp canal
33
Q

pulp canal obliteration treatment

A
  • conservative
  • only 1% may give rise to periodical pathology
34
Q

common post trauma complications

A

pulp necrosis and infection
pulp canal obliteration
root resorption
breakdown of marginal gingiva and bone

35
Q

types of root resorption

A

external
internal

36
Q

external root resorption types

A

surface
external infection related internal root resorption
cervical
ankylosis related root resorption

37
Q

internal root resorption features

A

internal infection related

38
Q

External surface resorption features

A

response to localised injury
not progressive

39
Q

external infection related internal root resorption - cause and radiographic signs

A

non vital tooth
initiated by PDL damage
- indistinct root surface
rapid

40
Q

external infection related IRR management

A

remove stimulus
endodontic treatment
- non setting calcium hydroxide 4-6 weeks
- obturate with GP

41
Q

ankylosis related root resorption - how does this occur?

A

initiated by severe damage to PdL and cementum
- Normal repair does not occur
root involved in remodelling

42
Q

Ankylosis related root resorption - clinical signs

A

severe luxation or avulsion
infraocclussion due to alveolar bone displacement

43
Q

Ankylosis related root resorption radiographic signs

A

radiographically; ragged root outline, no obvious PDL space
infra occlusion due to alveolar bone displacement

44
Q

treatment for ankylosis related root resorption

A

plan for loss of tooth

45
Q

internal infection related internal root resorption causes, features and radiographic signs

A

due to progressive pulp necrosis
radiographically
- symmetrical expansion of root canal walls
- tramlines of root canal indistinct
-n root surface intact

46
Q

treatment of internal infection related Internal root resorption

A
  • remove stimulus
  • endodontic treatment
  • if progressive, plan for loss

BDS3 Paeds (5 decks)

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