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DMD 5300 Dental Anatomy 1 > Dental Terminology (complete) > Flashcards

Dental Terminology (complete) Flashcards

1
Q

Where do you find oblique ridges

A

Maxillary molars

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2
Q

Which ridges make up the oblique ridges

A
  1. Triangular ridge of the Distal buccal cusp

2. Distal cusp ridge of the mesial lingual cusp

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3
Q

What makes up a transverse ridge

A

Two adjacent triangular ridges

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4
Q

What two cusps make up the oblique ridge

A
  1. Mesial lingual cusp

2. distal buccal cusp

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5
Q

What is a deciduous tooth

A

a tooth that will be replaced by another tooth

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6
Q

What is the primary dentition

A

the first set of teeth a human has, or their “baby teeth”

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7
Q

When is the primary dentition normally present

A

between the ages 2-6

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8
Q

How many teeth are in the primary dentition

A

20

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9
Q

How many dentitions do humans have

A

2

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10
Q

What is a succedaneous tooth

A

any permanent tooth that replaces a primary tooth

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11
Q

how many teeth are in the permanent dentition

A

32

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12
Q

What is the permanent dentition

A

the second and final set of teeth a human has, or their “adult teeth”

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13
Q

What are the two arches of the mouth

A

Maxillary arch and mandibular arch

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14
Q

which arch is the upper arch

A

maxillary

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15
Q

which arch is the lower arch

A

mandible

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16
Q

What are the classes of primary teeth

A

Incisors
Canines
Molars

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17
Q

What are the classes of the permanent teeth

A

Incisors
Canines
Premolars
Molars

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18
Q

What are the types of incisors in the primary dentition

A

Lateral incisors

Central Incisors

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19
Q

How many incisors are in the primary dentition

A

8 (4 central and 4 lateral)

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20
Q

How many Canines are in the primary dentition

A

4 (2 per arch)

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21
Q

How many molars are in the primary dentition

A

8 (4-1st molars and 4-2nd molars)

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22
Q

What are the types of molars in the primary dentition

A

1st molars

2nd molars

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23
Q

Are the 1st molars in primary dentition distal or mesial to the 2nd molars

A

1st molars are mesial to the 2nd molar

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24
Q

How many incisors are there in the permanent dentition

A

8 (4 central and 4 lateral)

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25
Q

What are the types of incisors in the permanent dentition

A

Central and lateral

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26
Q

How many canines are in the permanent dentition

A

4 (2 per arch)

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27
Q

How many molars are in the permanent dentition

A

12 (4- 1st molars, 4-2nd molars, 4-3rd molars)

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28
Q

which primary teeth are also deciduous teeth

A

all of them (assuming they are all replaced by the permanent dentition)

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29
Q

How many of the permanent teeth are succedaneous teeth

A

20

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30
Q

Which teeth in the permanent dentition aren’t succedaneous

A

The 12 molars

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31
Q

Which teeth are also referred to as your wisdom teeth

A

the 3rd molars

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32
Q

Where are the 3rd molars in relation to the 1st and 2nd molars

A

they are distal to the 1st and 2nd molars

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33
Q

How many premolars are in the permanent dentition

A

8 (4-1st premolars, 4-2nd premolars)

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34
Q

where are the 1st premolars in relation to the 2nd premolars

A

the 1st premolars are mesial to the 2nd premolars

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35
Q

What is the dental formula for the primary teeth

A

I (2/2)C(1/1)M(2/2) = 10 (on one half of the mouth) x 2 (sides of the mouth) = 20 teeth total

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36
Q

What is important to remember when doing the dental formulas for the number of teeth

A

That the equation is referring to the # of each type of tooth in the upper QUADRANT, over the # of the same type of tooth in the lower QUADRANT.

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37
Q

What is the dental formula for the permanent teeth

A

I (2/2)C(1/1)PM(2/2)M(3/3) = 16 (on one half of the mouth) x 2 (sides of the mouth) = 32 teeth total

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38
Q

What is the universal numbering system for permanent dentition

A

number the teeth from 1-32 starting at the maxillary right 3rd molar, moving across to the maxillary left 3rd molar, then from the mandibular left 3rd molar, and ending at the mandibular right 3rd molar

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39
Q

Where is the universal numbering system used

A

In the USA

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40
Q

What is the universal numbering system for primary dentition

A

Alphabetize the teeth from A-T starting at the maxillary right 2nd molar, moving across to the maxillary left 2nd molar, then from the mandibular left 2nd molar, and ending at the mandibular right 2nd molar

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41
Q

who uses the palmer notation for teeth identification

A

Orthodontists and Oral Surgeons

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42
Q

What is another name for the palmer notation system

A

Zsigmondy notation system

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43
Q

How is the Palmer notation system used with the permanent dentition

A
  1. the mouth is divided into quadrants
  2. Each is numbered 1-8 starting at the central incisor and ending at the 3rd molar
  3. A 90 degree angle bracket is drawn indicating which quadrant is being referred to, and the number of the tooth is written inside the bracket to identify which tooth in the specified quadrant is being referred to.
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44
Q

How is the palmer notation system used with the primary dentition

A
  1. the mouth is divided into quadrants
  2. Each is given a letter A-E starting at the central incisor and ending at the 2nd molar
  3. A 90 degree angle bracket is drawn indicating which quadrant is being referred to, and the number of the tooth is written inside the bracket to identify which tooth in the specified quadrant is being referred to.
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45
Q

Where is the international notation system used

A

Everywhere but in the US

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46
Q

How is the international notation system used in the permanent dentition

A
  1. the mouth is divided up into 4 quadrants, and they are given a number. (Upper right = 1, upper left = 2, lower left = 3, lower right = 4)
  2. the teeth are numbered 1-8 from the midline and moving distally starting with the central incisor (1), and ending with the 3rd molar(8).
  3. The quadrant number of the tooth is the first number, and the tooth number is second.

11 = upper right central incisor

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47
Q

How is the international notation system used in the primary dentition

A
  1. the mouth is divided up into 4 quadrants, and they are given a number. (Upper right = 5, upper left = 6, lower left = 7, lower right = 8)
  2. the teeth are numbered 1-5 from the midline and moving distally starting with the central incisor (1), and ending with the 2nd molar(5).
  3. The quadrant number of the tooth is the first number, and the tooth number is second.

51 = upper right central incisor

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48
Q

What makes up the periodontium

A
  1. Alveolar Bone
  2. Periodontal Ligament
  3. Cementum
  4. Gingiva
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49
Q

What are the two classifications of the gingiva

A
  1. Free gingiva

2. attached gingiva

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50
Q

What is the gingival margin

A

the high point of the gingiva, just as it comes into contact with the tooth. it touches the tooth but is not attached

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51
Q

what is the gingival sulcus

A

the dip, or gap between the gingiva and the tooth.

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52
Q

What is another name for a canine

A

cuspid

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53
Q

what is another name for a premolar

A

bicuspid

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54
Q

What is the periodontium

A

anything that supports the tooth

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55
Q

what is the average depth of the gingival sulcus in a healthy mouth

A

1-3 mm

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56
Q

What is the periodontal ligament

A

Very small ligaments that connect the alveolar bone to the cementum on the root of the tooth

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57
Q

What is the cementum

A

The outermost layer of the tooth root to which the periodontal ligament attaches

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58
Q

What is the difference between free and attached gingiva

A

The attached gingiva is directly attached to the alveolar bone, where as the free gingiva is not

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59
Q

What is the interdental papillae

A

It is the gingival margin or tissue, that occupies the space between the teeth in the shape of a triangle

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60
Q

Is the interdental papillae attached or free gingiva

A

it is free gingiva

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61
Q

What is a black triangle

A

when the interdental papillae has recessed enough that there is a gap between two adjacent teeth near their middle and cervical thirds.

62
Q

What are the four tissues of the tooth

A
  1. Cementum
  2. Enamel
  3. Dentin
  4. Pulp Chamber
63
Q

What is the pulp chamber?

A

A non calcified part of the tooth where the nerves and the blood vessels are in the tooth

64
Q

What is the CEJ?

A

the Cementoenamel junction (the place where the cementum and the enamel meet up)

65
Q

What is another name for the Cementoenamel junction

A

The cervical line

66
Q

What is the DEJ

A

The dentinoenamel junction (the place where the dentin and the enamel contact each other)

67
Q

What is the CDJ

A

the cementodental junction (where the cementum and dentin contact each other)

68
Q

define the anatomical crown

A

The part of the tooth covered by enamel extending to the CEJ

69
Q

Define the clinical crown

A

The portion of the tooth that is visible

70
Q

What can change the dimensions of the anatomical crown

A

only wear or trauma

71
Q

What can change the dimensions of the clinical crown

A

The position of the periodontal tissues, which can be affected by age or disease.

72
Q

What is the apex

A

the very end of the tooth, the furthest point down into the bone

73
Q

What is the apical foramen

A

the hole at the apex of the tooth where the blood vessels and nerves enter the tooth

74
Q

what is a supplemental canal

A

a canal off of the pulp or root canal that has branched off of the main pulp canal.

75
Q

What is the alveolar bone

A

the bone that holds the teeth in place

76
Q

What are the portions of the pulp canal

A
  1. Pulp canal (the long skinny portion)
  2. Pulp horns (the horn like projections toward the occlusial surface of the tooth)
  3. Pulp chamber (the large chamber like opening)
77
Q

What does the facial surface refer to?

A

the surface of the tooth facing toward the cheek or lips

78
Q

What are the two different distinctions of the facial surface.

A

Buccal and Labial (the surface facing toward the cheek or lips)

79
Q

When do we use buccal vs labial to describe the surface of a tooth facing the lips or cheek

A

Buccal is used for the posterior teeth

Labial is used for the anterior teeth

80
Q

Which teeth are the anterior teeth

A

the incisors and the canines

81
Q

which teeth are the posterior teeth

A

the premolars and molars

82
Q

What does the lingual surface refer to

A

the surface of the tooth facing toward the tongue (inside)

83
Q

What is another term for the lingual surface

A

palatal surface

84
Q

What does the term occlusial surface refer to

A

the biting surface of the POSTERIOR teeth

85
Q

What does the term incisal/ridge refer to

A

the biting surface of the ANTERIOR teeth

86
Q

What are the proximal surfaces of a tooth

A

the surfaces of a tooth that are usually next to an adjacent tooth

87
Q

What is the term for the proximal surface of a tooth facing toward the midline of the dental arch

88
Q

What is the term for the proximal surface of a tooth facing away from the midline of the dental arch

89
Q

Is there a location in the mouth where two mesial surfaces are approximate to one another.

A

yes, between the two central incisors

90
Q

is there a location in the mouth where two distal surfaces are approximate to one another

91
Q

How do you indicate a tooth with decay on the occlusal and mesial surfaces

A

MO (in that order)

92
Q

How do you indicate a tooth with decay on the occlusal and distal surfaces

A

DO (in that order)

93
Q

How do you indicate a tooth with decay on the occlusal, meesial, and distal surfaces

A

MOD (in that order)

94
Q

How do you indicate a tooth with decay on the distal and lingual surfaces

A

DL (in that order)

95
Q

How do you indicate a tooth with decay on the mesial and lingual surfaces

A

ML (in that order)

96
Q

What is the rule for the order in which we state surfaces of a tooth that have decay

A
  1. the interproximal surface is stated first
  2. the occlusial surface is stated second
  3. The facial (labial) or lingual is stated last
97
Q

If tooth number 8 had decay on the surfaces of the tooth facing the midline, facing the tongue, and facing the lips. How would we identify it?

A

MFL
Mesial
Facial (not L for labial because L is used for lingual)
Lingual

98
Q

How do you indicate a tooth with decay on the occlusal and buccal/Lingual surfaces

99
Q

How do you indicate a tooth with decay on the mesial, distal, occlusal, and buccal/lingual surfaces

100
Q

How do you indicate a tooth with decay on the incisal, facial, lingual, and mesial

A

MFLI (incisal is usually notated last)

101
Q

What is a line angle

A

a Junction line where TWO tooth surfaces meet

102
Q

What is a point angle

A

a junction point where THREE tooth surfaces meet

103
Q

What are the 8 line angles of a tooth

A
  1. Mesiolingual line angle
  2. Mesiolabial/mesiobuccal line angle
  3. Distolingual line angle
  4. distolabial/distobuccal line angle
  5. Mesio-occlusal (mesio-incisal) line angle
  6. Disto-occlusal (disto-incisal) line angle
  7. Bucco-occlusal/labio-occlusal (incisal) line angle
  8. Linguo-occlual (linguo-incisal) line angle
104
Q

What are the 4 point angles of an anterior tooth

A
  1. Mesiolabiaoincisal point angle
  2. Mesiolinguoincisal point angle
  3. Distolinguoincisal point angle
  4. Distolabioincisal point angle
105
Q

What are the 4 point angles of a posterior tooth

A
  1. Mesiobucco-occlusal point angle
  2. mesiolinguo-occlusal point angle
  3. Distobucco-occlusal point angle
  4. Distolinguo-occlusal point angle
106
Q

What are the divisions of the root of a tooth named starting at the CEJ and moving to the apex

A
  1. Cervical (next to CEJ)
  2. Middle
  3. Apical (next to apex)
107
Q

What are the divisions of the crown of a tooth named from the facial veiw starting at the mesial side of the tooth and moving toward the distal

A
  1. Mesial
  2. Middle
  3. Distal
108
Q

What are the divisions of the crown of an anterior tooth named, from the facial view, starting at the CEJ and moving towards the biting surface of the tooth.

A
  1. Cervical (near CEJ)
  2. Middle
  3. Incisal
109
Q

What are the divisions of the crown of an posterior tooth named, from the facial view, starting at the CEJ and moving towards the biting surface of the tooth.

A
  1. Cervical (near CEJ)
  2. Middle
  3. occlusal
110
Q

What are the divisions of the crown 0f an anterior tooth named, from the proximal view, starting at the side nearest the tongue and moving toward the lips

A
  1. Lingual
  2. Middle
  3. Labial
111
Q

What are the divisions of the crown of an posterior tooth named, from the proximal view, starting at the side nearest the tongue, and moving towards the cheek

A
  1. Lingual
  2. Middle
  3. Labial
112
Q

What are the divisions of the occlusal surface of a tooth from the mesial side then working toward the distal side

A
  1. Mesial 3rd
  2. Middle 3rd
  3. Distal 3rd
113
Q

What are the division of the occlusal surface of a tooth from the side facing the lips then working to the side facing the tongue

A
  1. facial 3rd
  2. middle 3rd
  3. lingual 3rd
114
Q

What is a cusp

A

An elevation or mound on the crown portion of a tooth, making up a divisional part of the occlusal surface

115
Q

How are cusps named

A
  1. first start with the name of the proximal surface of the tooth nearest the cusp
  2. then use the lingual/buccal/labial surface of the tooth
  3. end with cusp

Example: Mesiobuccal cusp

116
Q

What is a ridge

A

a linear elevation on the surface of the tooth

117
Q

how are ridges named

A

according to their location

Example: buccal ridge, marginal ridge

118
Q

What are marginal ridges

A

Round borders of enamel

119
Q

Where are the marginal ridges of anterior teeth

A

on the mesial and distal borders of the lingual surface

120
Q

Where are the marginal ridges of posterior teeth found

A

on the mesial and distal borders of the occlusal surface

121
Q

What are triangular ridges

A

linear elevations that descend from the cusp tips of molars and premolars toward the central part of the occlusal surface

122
Q

What are cusp ridges

A

Cusp slopes or arms, from the facial or lingual view they are the inclined surfaces or slopes that converge toward the cusp tip to make an angle.
(if you were to use both of your hands to make a peak or cusp, each hand would represent a cusp ridge)

123
Q

How are cusp ridges named

A
  1. Use either mesial or distal depending on which way the cusp ridge slopes down from the cusp tip
  2. Then say “cusp ridge of the _____ cusp” (insert the cusp name that the ridge comes off of)

Example, Mesial cusp ridge of the mesiobuccal cusp

124
Q

What is a transverse ridge

A

When buccal and lingual triangular ridges join traversely accross the occlusal surface

125
Q

What is an oblique ridge

A

a ridge formed by the union of a triangular ridge and a cusp ridge

126
Q

Where are oblique ridges found

A

only on Maxillary molars

127
Q

What two specific ridges combine to form an oblique ridge

A
  1. the triangular ridge of the distobuccal cusp

2. the distal cusp ridge of the mesiolingual cusp

128
Q

What is a tubercle

A

a smaller elevation on some portion of the crown produced by an extra formation of enamel

129
Q

What is carabelli’s cusp

A

a tubercle quite commonly found on maxillary first molars

130
Q

What is the cingulum

A

the lingual lobe of an anterior tooth, it makes up the bulk of the cervical third of the lingual surface

131
Q

What is a sulcus

A

a broad V shaped depression running mesiodistally on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth.

132
Q

Is the sulcus an actual anatomical feature

A

no, it is an empty space

133
Q

What forms the borders of the sulcus

A

on the buccal and lingual sides the borders are made by the triangular ridges that converge towards the developmental groove

134
Q

What are fossa

A

irregular depressions or concavities

135
Q

What arelingual fossae

A

the concavity on the lingual surface of anterior teeth

136
Q

What are central fossae

A

the concavity on the occlusal surface of molars

137
Q

what are triangular fossae

A

the concavity on the occlusal surface of molars and premolars that are mesial to the distal marginal ridges, or distal to the mesial marginal ridges

138
Q

What are pits

A

small pinpoint depressions located at the junction of developmental grooves or at terminals of those grooves.

139
Q

What is a developmental groove

A

a shallow groove or linear depression between the primary parts of the crown or root

140
Q

What is a supplemental groove

A

less distinct grooves and shallow grooves on the surface of the tooth (they come off of developmental grooves)

141
Q

What are buccal and ligual grooves

A

developmental grooves found on the buccal and lingual surfaces of posterior teeth

142
Q

are buccal and ligual grooves supplemental or developmental grooves

A

developmental

143
Q

What is fusion of teeth

A

two teeth fusing together, leads to less tooth units

144
Q

what is gemination of teeth

A

one two dividing to form two teeth, more tooth units

145
Q

what is concresence of teeth

A

when the cementum of two teeth fuse

146
Q

What is dilaceration of teeth

A

when the roots are angled or twisted

147
Q

What is dens invaginus

A

dens in dente (one tooth inside of another)

148
Q

what is dens evaginus

A

when there appears to be an extra cusp on a tooth. it looks like one tooth growing out of another (it has a high pulp horn in it though so be careful

149
Q

what are accessional teeth

A

teeth that aren’t replaced and don’t replace others (adult molars)

150
Q

how many line angles do anterior teeth have

151
Q

how many line angles do posterior teeth have

DMD 5300 Dental Anatomy 1 (5 decks)

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