Dental Stains and Discolorations Flashcards
Discolorations of the teeth and restorations occur in 3 ways?
- Directly to surface
- Within calculus and soft deposits
- Within tooth structure or restorative material
What is the significance of stains?
Is primarily the appearance or cosmetic effect
Classifications of Stains by LOCATION? (where at)
- Extrinsic (Outside the tooth)
2. Intrinsic (Within the tooth)
Classifications of Stains by SOURCE? (what caused is)
- Exogenous
2. Endogenous
T/F
Remove as much staining with scaler before polishing ?
True
List the Extrinsic Stains (colors)
- Yellow
- Green
- Black line
- Brown
- Tobacco
- Orange
- Red
- Metallic
Yellow Stains is caused by what?
Neglected oral hygiene and food pigments
Green Stains is composed of what?
Chromogenic bacteria and fungi
What does Green Stain result from?
Poor OHI, Chromogenic bacteria, and gingival hemorrhage.
Do all pulpless teeth discolor?
no, not all
What is Tobacco Stain composed?
Tar products of combustion and brown pigment from smokeless tobacco
Where is Tobacco Stain located at?
Cervical third, primarily. Most frequently lingual surfaces along with pits and fissures.
Brown Stains occurs from Chemical Alteration of the pellicle. What sources can it result from?
- Stannous Fluoride (#1)
- Betel Leaf
- Antibiofilm Agents (Chlorhexidine and Alexidine)
- Food stuff (tea, coffee, soy sauce)
Where can Black Line Stain occur?
Near cervical third, gingival margin in a healthy mouth. Usually females.
What is black line staining composed of?
Microorganisms embedded in an intermicrobial substance
Name things that can cause Endogenous Intrinsic Stains?
- Pulpless teeth
- Tetracyclines
- Imperfect tooth development (enamel hypoplasia, dental fluorosis, amelogenesis imperfecta)
What are Chlorhexadine and Alexadine?
Antibiofilm agents that are used in mouth rinses to combat biofilm. A brownish stain of the tooth surface results; usually more pronounced on proximal and other surfaces less accessible to routine biofilm control procedures. The stain tends to form more rapidly on exposed roots than on enamel.
What color is betel leaf staining?
The discoloration of the teeth is a dark, mahogany brown, sometimes almost dark
What does Betel Leaf inhibit in the oral cavity?
Betel Leaf has caries-inhibiting effect
The most frequently observed stains?
Yellow
Green
Black line
Tobacco
What does Chromogenic means producing?
Color or pigment
Produced within or caused by factors within?
Endogenous
Originating outside or caused by factors outside?
Exogenous
Derived from or situated on the outside; external?
Extrinsic
Situated entirely within?
Intrinsic
The enamel is partially or completely missing?
Amelogenesis imperfecta
Was originally called brown stain? But was later named mottled enamel?
Dental fluorosis
T/F several types of tooth discoloration may result from blood-borne pigments?
Ex. Prolonged jaundice early in life can impact a yellow or greenish discoloration to the teeth.
True
When intrinsic stains come from an outside source, not from within the tooth, the stain is called?
Exogenous intrinsic
T/F Extrinsic stains, such as tobacco and green stains, can provide stain that becomes intrinsic
True
