Dental Radiography Ch2 Flashcards
Chapter 2
What is the fundamental unit of matter?
Atom
Which of the following has a positive electrical charge?
A) Neutron
B) Electron
C) Proton
D) Molecule
C) Proton
The process of converting an atom into an ion is called:
Ionization
What type of radiation is capable of ionizing matter?
X-rays
Which shell has the strongest binding energy in an atom?
K shell
The number of protons in an atom determines its:
Atomic number
Which of the following is a characteristic of x-radiation?
X-rays travel at the speed of light.
Which term refers to the force that maintains electrons in their orbits?
Electrostatic force
What type of radiation consists of particles with mass and high-speed travel?
Particulate radiation
Alpha particles are emitted from:
Radioactive isotopes
What is the function of the aluminum disks in the x-ray tubehead?
Filter out non-penetrating x-rays
What type of scatter accounts for most of the scatter radiation during dental x-rays?
Compton scatter
Which of the following describes the wavelength of x-rays?
A) X-rays have long wavelengths with high frequency
B) X-rays have short wavelengths with high frequency
C) X-rays have long wavelengths with low frequency
D) X-rays have short wavelengths with low frequency
B) X-rays have short wavelengths with high frequency
The movement of electrons through a conductor is referred to as:
Electrical current
The lead collimator in the tubehead is responsible for:
Controlling the size of the x-ray beam
What is the purpose of the step-up transformer in the x-ray machine?
Increase voltage to produce x-rays
Which of the following is true of characteristic radiation?
It only occurs at 70 kVp or higher
X-rays that pass through the patient without interaction and reach the receptor are responsible for:
Image formation
The aluminum filter in the x-ray tubehead functions to:
Filter out longer-wavelength x-rays
What is thermionic emission?
The release of electrons from the heated filament
Which x-ray interaction involves the complete absorption of the x-ray photon by matter?
Photoelectric effect
The portion of the x-ray beam that interacts with the patient’s tissues and generates scattered radiation is known as:
Secondary radiation
The unit of measurement for the number of electrons moving through a conductor is:
Amperage
A negatively charged atom with more electrons than protons is called:
Anion
