dental health Flashcards
what age group does early childhood carries happen?
up to 5 yrs
describe progression of ECC
front teeth affected first bc least protected by saliva then moves posteriorly
primary incisors, first and second molars erupt at what age?
- primary incisors—6 to 12 mo
- first molars– 12 mo
- second molars– 24mo
most common chronic disease in children
ECC
which is more common– asthma or ECC
ECC is 5x more common
which racial group in the US has the most ECC? (not including natives)
asians 69%
what causes dental caries (the triad)
- bacteria (mutans steptococci)
- sugars –> acid
- tooth enamel demineralized
how is mutans streptocci transmitted?
vertically (mom) via saliva
3 preventative agents that caregivers can use
topical fluorides
antibacterial mouth rinses (chlorhexidene)
xylitol gums (sugar substitute)
how does sugar intake frequency affect caries process?
if not consumed as frequently, saliva can remineralize tooth and stop caries process
relationship betweeen enamel defects and ECC
- increases risk of ECC
they should see a dentist
what does white spots/lines mean?
demineralized areas; first sign of carries; immediate dental referral
typically start at gingival margin
if not managed, will become pale yellow frank cavities then large brown cavities
what does brown cavitation represent
loss of enamel has exposed the underlying dentin
start out yellow and gets stained;
may be sensitive to temp or sweet or sour foods
6 consequences of ECC
- pain
- impaired chewing and nutrition
- infection
- increased caries in permanent dentition
- school/work absences
- need for dental work later that needs general anesthesia
we can decrease likelihood of colonization by step mutans by..
caregiver dental hygiene
limit the number of times teeth is demineralized by…
less sugary snacks
MOA and 2 effects of fluoride
MOA: reduces enamel solubility through incorporation in to its structure
* blocks deminerlization and bacterial metabolism
* enhances remineralization
optimal water fluoridation
0.7-1.2 ppm
NO supplements if they are getting fluoridated water
what is fluorosis
discolored teeth d/t excessive fluoride exposure during tooth development; does NOT affect health; has white mottling
DOES NOT RESOLVE
why might a kid have hematoma
tooth eruption may be preceeded by it– needs no tx in primary dentition
