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BDS2 Oral Biology & Embryology > Dental Development (embryology) > Flashcards

Dental Development (embryology) Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the three primary embryonic layers that all body tissues develop from?

A
  • ectoderm
  • mesoderm
  • endoderm
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2
Q

what embryonic layer is tooth enamel derived from?

A

the ectoderm

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3
Q

what embryonic structure are the teeth and supporting structures derived from? (EXCLUDING ENAMEL)

A

the ectomesenchyme

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4
Q

what is the ectomesenchyme?

A

it is part of the neural crest that develops beside the ectoderm

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5
Q

what can the ectoderm also be referred to as?

A

the primitive nervous system

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6
Q

what do teeth develop from?

A

tooth germs

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7
Q

what is the neural crest?

A

a fourth cell type that forms between the ectoderm and the neural tube!

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8
Q

how is the neural crest relevant to tooth formation?

A

neural crest tissue migrates into the developing face and jaws

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9
Q

what is a failure of ectomesenchymal cells to migrate also known as?

A

mandibulofacial dysostosis

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10
Q

what are examples of clinical signs of failed migration of ectomesenchymal cells?

A
  • large interpupillary distance
  • underdeveloped mandible and maxilla
  • TEETH CROWDING!!! (as a result)
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11
Q

what are the 5 main stages of tooth development?

A
  1. initiation
  2. morphogenesis
  3. cytodifferentiation
  4. matrix secretion
  5. root formation
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12
Q

what occurs during tooth initiation?

A

formation of the dental lamina

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13
Q

what is the primary epithelial band?

A
  • a thickening in the epithelium of the embryonic mouth (stomodaeum)
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14
Q

when does the primary epithelial band develop?

A

approx 6 weeks IUL (intra uterine life)

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15
Q

what does the primary epithelial band go onto form?

A
  • vestibular lamina

- dental lamina

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16
Q

when does the dental lamina form?

A

approx 7 weeks IUL

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17
Q

what does the vestibular lamina go onto form?

A

breaks down to form the buccal sulcus

18
Q

what does the enamel organ develop from?

A

the dental lamina

19
Q

describe the shape of the dental lamina?

A

horse shoe shaped structure

20
Q

what is meant by morphogenesis in relation to tooth development?

A
  • the shape of the structure begins to form
21
Q

what stages fall under the morphogenesis aspect of tooth development?

A
  • bud stage

- cap stage

22
Q

when does the ‘bud stage’ occur?

A

approx 8-10 weeks IUL

23
Q

what occurs during the bud stage?

A

the dental lamina thickens into a ‘bud’ stage enamel organ

24
Q

what is the bud to cap stage?

A

rearrangement of shape to look like a cap!

25
Q

when does the ‘cap’ stage occur?

A

approx 11 weeks IUL

26
Q

what occurs during the cap stage?

A

the enamel organ forms ‘a cap’ over the papilla

27
Q

what is the ‘cap stage’ enamel organ composed of?

A
  • external enamel epithelium

- internal enamel epithelium

28
Q

what are placodes?

A

embryonic structures that give rise to structures such as hair follicles, teeth, nails etc.

29
Q

what is meant by ectodermal dysplasia?

A

a group of disorders in which two or more of the ectodermally derived structures (teeth, hair, nails etc.) develop abnormally

30
Q

what is hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia?

A

a condition that causes hypodontia of the teeth

31
Q

what is hypodontia?

A

the developmental absence of one or more teeth

32
Q

what occurs in a patient that has severe hypoidrotic ectodermal dysplasia?

A

absence of TEETH and HAIR

33
Q

when does the ‘bell stage’ occur?

A

approx 14 weeks IUL

34
Q

what is the purpose of the bell stage?

A
  • more cell layers are differentiated

- tooth shape is being defined

35
Q

what are the 4 cell layers of the ‘bell stage’ enamel organ?

A
  • stratum intermedium
  • stellate reticulum
  • internal enamel epithelium
  • external enamel epithelium
36
Q

what is found in the stellate reticulum?

A

glycogen (energy) for the amelloblasts to create the matrix

37
Q

when the crown of the tooth is being formed, explain the patter of differentiation:

A
  • differentiation starts at the apical portion of the tooth

- the differentiation continues down towards the cervical loop

38
Q

what occurs at approximately 12 weeks in relation to the dental lamina?

A

an extension appears on the lingual side of the dental lamina
- this is the dental lamina for the future permanent tooth

39
Q

what occurs as a backwards extension of the dental lamina?

A

the 1st permanent molar germ

40
Q

what occurs at approx. 18 weeks IUL?

A

the ‘late bell stage’ of the enamel organ

41
Q

what occurs during the late bell stage?

A

apposition of enamel and dentine begins

BDS2 Oral Biology & Embryology (8 decks)

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