dental ceramics

Question 1

nonmetallic, inorganic structures, primarily containing compounds of oxygen with one or more metallic or semi-metallic elements (aluminum, boron, calcium, cerium, lithium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, sodium, titanium, and zirconium).

Answer 1

Ceramics

Question 2

common metallic elements that occur in ceramics in combination with oxygen

Answer 2

Silicon (Si), zirconium (Zr), and aluminum (Al)

Question 3

a type of ceramic that results when feldspar (K₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂), silica (SiO₂), and alumina (Al₂O₃) are fired together with fluxes such as sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) or potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃).

Answer 3

*PORCELAIN

Question 4

APPLICATIONS (6; IVCFAO)

Answer 4

✓Inlays and Onlays
✓Veneers
✓Crowns
✓Fixed partial dentures
✓Artificial denture teeth
✓Orthodontic brackets

Question 5

CLASSIFICATIONS
ACCORDING TO FIRING TEMPERATURE (4)
ACCORDING TO MICROSTRUCTURE (4)
ACCORDING TO ITS FUNCTION WITHIN THE RESTORATION (8)

Answer 5

❖High fusing
❖Medium fusing
❖Low fusing
❖Ultralow fusing
1.FELDSPATHIC (GLASSY)
2.GLASS DOMINATED
3.CRYSTALLINE DOMINATED
4.CRYSTALLINE
❖Core ceramics
❖Opaquer ceramics
❖Body or dentin
❖Incisal
❖Gingival
❖Translucent
❖Stains
❖Glaze

Question 6

PHASES: (2)

Answer 6

*GLASSY (AMORPHOUS) PHASE
*CRYSTALLINE PHASE

Question 7

TYPES OF CERAMICS IN DENTISTRY

Answer 7

1.FELDSPATHIC (GLASSY)
2.GLASS DOMINATED
3.CRYSTALLINE DOMINATED
4.CRYSTALLINE

Question 8

❖Porcelains that are composed primarily of an amorphous phase(matrix)
❖Most esthetic of the dental ceramic
❖Veneers over alloys, upper anterior region

Answer 8

Feldspathic or Glassy Ceramics

Question 9

❖Contains increased amounts of crystalline phase relative to the glassy ceramics
❖Higher strength but sufficient translucency to serve in esthetic application
❖Anterior all ceramics

Answer 9

Glass-dominated

Question 10

❖Composed mostly of a crystalline phase (70%)
❖Nearly opaque and therefore cannot be used by themselves as veneers or as veneers on alloys
❖Cores for anterior/ posterior crown with veneering porcelain added

Answer 10

Crystalline-dominated

Question 11

❖Newest and strongest
❖Form from either alumina or zirconia
❖Have no glassy phase and are opaque
❖Cannot serve as esthetic veneers on alloys or teeth
❖Posterior crowns and bridges

Answer 11

Crystalline

Question 12

PROPERTIES OF DENTAL CERAMICS (8; BHHLECLL)

Answer 12

1.Biocompatible
2.High esthetics
3.High hardness
4.Low to moderate fracture toughness
5.Excellent wear resistance
6.Chemical inertness
7.Low thermal conductivity and diffusivity
8.Low electrical conductivity

Question 13

Comparison of Metal-ceramic to All Ceramic Restoration (4)

Answer 13

1.Fracture
2.Esthetics
3.Wear
4.Margins

Question 14

CLASSIFICATION BY TOOTH STRUCTURED RESTORED (2)

Answer 14

*Inlays
*Onlays or Overlays:
Crowns
Fixed Bridge

Question 15

❖Intracoronal restorations that replaces small to medium amount of tooth structure.
❖Used to restore pits, grooves, fissures and proximal surfaces.
❖They do not restore the cusps.

Answer 15

*Inlays

Question 16

❖Involve replacing of one or more structure, they restore cusps and the entire occlusal surface of a tooth.
❖Retained by intracoronal retention and luting cements.

Answer 16

*Onlays or Overlays:

Question 17

❖Used to restore teeth that have lost a significant amount of tooth structure.

Answer 17

Crowns

Question 18

❖Multiple fixed crowns that replaces missing teeth. Supported by a teeth/tooth called Abutments

Answer 18

Fixed Bridge

Question 19

CLASSIFICATION BY MATERIAL(4)

Answer 19

Metals
*Ceramic Material
*Ceramometal
*Composite Materials:

Question 20

__ indirect restorations are made by Casting Procedure.

Casting: Involves melting the metal and pouring or forcing the liquid metal into a mold.

Answer 20

Metals

Question 21

❖Used for High Esthetic Demand.
❖Can simulate natural colors and translucency of teeth.
❖Lacks toughness and breaks easily.
❖More costly than other restorations.

Answer 21

*Ceramic Material

Question 22

❖also known as Porcelain Fused to Metal.
❖The most common fixed restoration done by dentist worldwide.
❖Addition of metal improves the strength of porcelain, but esthetics is somehow compromised.

Answer 22

*Ceramometal

Question 23

❖Similar to direct filling materials. Cured at elevated temperatures, pressures or both
❖Recently, Fiber Reinforced Composites have been developed to improve the strength of the material.

Answer 23

*Composite Materials:

Question 24

Clinical Procedures for Constructing An Indirect Restoration (DPIFLCCR)

Answer 24

1.Diagnosis, Treatment Planning and Designing the Restoration.
2.Preparation
3.Impressions
4.Fabrication of Temporary Restoration
5.Laboratory Procedures
6.Cementation of the Restoration
7.Completion of the Treatment Plan
8.Recall