Dental Caries and Classification Flashcards
a multifacorial infectious disease that attacks teeth by certain bacteria if the conditions are permissible causing destruction(demineralization/dissolution) of the tooth
dental caries
very tiny caries not pass DEJ
incipient (reversible)
caries passes DEJ, just into dentin
small
caries gone 1/2 through dentin
moderate
caries lesion very close to pulp
extensive
which caries classifications do we prep and restore
small, moderate, extensive (cavitated)
on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth, buccal and lingual surfaces of molars, lingual surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth
pit and fissure caries
caries on the surfaces that are pit and fissure free (mesial and distal)
smooth surface caries
more in elderly, follows an advanced gingival recession
root surface caries
rate classification active; __-rapidly invading, softer lesions, multiple teeth
examples; nursing bottle, radiation, meth mouth
rampant(acute)
rate classification active; __-slow, long standing, dark in color and so there is a good chance of remineralization in early stages (reverse the demineralization process)
chronic
not showing any further progression, smooth and polished like surface
arrested caries
leaking margin, caries under a preexisting faulty restoration
recurrent/secondary caries
who came up with the classification of caries (class 1, class II, etc.)
GV black
pits and fissures of occusal surfaces of premolars and molars, buccal or lingual pits/fissures of the molars, lingual pit near the cingulum of the maxillary incisors
class 1
involving the proximal surfaces (mesial/distal) of premolars and molars (posterior teeth only)
classII
proximal (mesial/distal) surfaces of incisors and canines (anterior teeth)
class III
proximal surfaces of incisors and canines, but also will involve the incisal edge
class IV (4)
gingival third (the area near the gingiva) of the facial or lingual surfaces of any tooth
class V(5)
involve the incisal edges of anterior teeth and the cusp tips of posterior teeth, (rare)
class VI(6)
according to GV Black, the location of the lesion dictated the design of the
cavity preparation
*a class I lesion corresponds to a class I cavity prep and so on
- ) removal of dental caries
- )removal of weak tooth structure to provide well supported sound hard tissue
- )pulp protection (if healthy pulp, protect it)
fundamental concepts for all tooth preps
a mechanical alteration of a diseased or a defective part of the tooth to receive a restoration material to ultimately restore healthy state of the tooth, longevity and patient comfort
cavity prep
healthy state is reestablishing
tooth is not diseased anymore
normal function and form
esthetically pleasing where indicated(anterior zone of the oral cavity)
junction of two surfaces
line angle
junction of 3 surfaces
point angle
extend to the outer tooth surface
external wall
do not extend to the outer tooth surface
internal wall
__ are parallel to the long axis
axial wall
right angle to long axis
perpendicular walls
touching uncut tooth structure
gingival wall
not touching uncut tooth structure
axial and pulpal wall
narrowest portion of a cavity prep (betweeen 2 triangular ridges)
isthmus
a portion of the cavity connecting an occlusal portion and a proximal portion together
class II
__ design includes each marginal fossa and the developmental grooves around the marginal pits
dovetail
junction between the external walls of the cavity prep and the uncut tooth surface
cavosurface margin
outline form resistance form retention form convenience form finishing debridement
basic 6 principles of cavity preps
+conservation of tooth structure
+location and the extent of the carious lesion
+position of pit and fissure dictate the outline
factors governing outline form
two outline form approaches;
__1__; extensive tooth preparation, unnecessary loss of healthy tooth structure
2; preservation of the remaining tooth structure, minimal extension of the outline form
1= extension for prevention
2=conservative approach
who to do with caries lesions on same tooth that are separated with less and more than 0.5mm of enamel
less than 0.5 make 1 prep
greater than 0.5mm save as much and make 2 preps
design features of cavity prep to avoid fracture of tooth structure, allowing the remaining tooth structure and the restoration to withstand forces that are principally directed towards the long axis of the tooth
resistance form
- removal of the undermined enamel
- flat pulpal fllor and cavity wall angulation
- cavity prep depth
- well defined rounded internal line angles
- type of restorative material
primary resistance
resistance form __; cavosurface margin should not terminate on unsupported or undermined enamel to prevent fracture
removal of undermined surface enamel
resistance form ___;cup shapred cavity, rotation of the restoration results in a wedging effect on the supporting dentin bridge
+box shaped: pulpal floor perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth
flat pulpal floor
resistance form __, adequate depth to provide enough thickness of amalgam to prevent its fracture under load
cavity prep depth
minimal amalgam thickness to withstand forces
1.5mm
resistance form __, placing line angles to delineate the walls
well defined rounded internal line and point angles
__ line angles are not recommended in any restoration because they act as stress concentration areas
sharp
cavosurface margin has to establish a __butt-joint margin amalgam margin
90 degrees
__has a low edge strength
amalgam
design features of the cavity prep that prevent __of the restoration by lifting or tipping forces
dislodgement
amalgam does not bond to tooth structure thus increasing the __ of the walls that contacts the amalgam will increase friction
surface area
making opposing walls __or__toward the occlusal
parallel or slightly converging
sufficient access to the cavity, to facilitate visibility and instrumentation of the cavity prep and the insertion of the restorative material
convenience form
__ is important for complete removal of decay
visibility
__ the cavorsurface margin (enamel margin) to prevent jagged or rough outline, to achieve the best marginal seal
finish
this is the final step before cavity prerp receives the restoration, rinsing the cavity with air/water syringe and high suction evacuation, to removal smear layer and free cavity from moisture (blood and saliva)
debridment
