Dental Anomaly 1

Question 1

Process of tooth development?

Answer 1

Ectodermal cells and mesenchymal cells interact
Interaction causes cell differentiation
Advanced specialisation of cells due specific signalling

Question 2

What cells differentiate to form enamel and dentine?

Answer 2

Ameloblasts = enamel
Odontoblasts = dentine

Question 3

What are 3 different stage f tooth development

Answer 3

Initiation - right number in correct location
Morphodifferentiation - formation in correct shape
Cytodifferentiation - differentiastion cells produce specific dental tissue

Question 4

What anaomlies can happen during tooth development?

Answer 4

Right number of tooth buds
Right size and shape
Is structure right

Question 5

Examples of environmental influence of dental anomalies?

Answer 5

Can be localised or general

Trauma, infection, drugs

Question 6

What are factors in aetiology of dental anomalies?

Answer 6

Genetic

Environmental components

Question 7

Example of chromosomal anomalie

Answer 7

Down syndrome - extra chromosome = trisomy 21

Question 8

Example of singe gene defect?

Answer 8

Ectodermal dysplasia

Question 9

Examples of anomaly to tooth number?

Answer 9

Hypodontia

Hyperdontia - supernumeary

Question 10

Examples of anaomly to size of tooth?

Answer 10

Microdontia

Macrodontia

Question 11

Examples of anaomly to shape/form tooth?

Answer 11

Double teeth
Accessory cusp
Invaginated teeth
Evaginated teeth

Question 12

In primary dentition where is most common see hypodontia?

Answer 12

Maxilla > mandible

Common tooth = B

Question 13

In permanent dentition which tooth most common see hypodontia?

Answer 13

8s > 5s > 2s >4s

Max = mand

Question 14

In permanent dentition which sex more affected?

Answer 14

Females 4:1

Question 15

Aetiology of hypodontia?

Answer 15

Polygeneic w/ possible intrauterine systemic factors

Question 16

What factors associated with birth can increase freq of hypodontia?

Answer 16

Low birth weight
Multiple births
Increased maternal age

Question 17

What gene mutations are seen in hypodontia?

Answer 17

PAX9 and MSX1

Question 18

What syndromes are often releated to hypodontia?

Answer 18

Down syndrome
Ectodermal dysplasia
Cleft/lip palate

Question 19

Most common location for supernumerary?

Answer 19

Premaxilla

Question 20

What is mesioden?

Answer 20

Supplemental tooth adjacent midline suture

Question 21

What can be issue w/ supplemntal teeth

Answer 21

Can prevent eruption

Question 22

How are supplemntal teeth usually diagnosed?

Answer 22

Often incidental on radiograph

75% don’t erupt

Question 23

Are supplemtnal teeth more common primary or secondary dentition?

Answer 23

secondary

Question 24

Where are supplemental teeth more often found?

Answer 24

Maxilla 5:1

Males 2:1

Question 25

What is often associated with supplemental teeth?

Answer 25

Invaginated teeth
Palatal cleft
Syndromes: cleidocranial dysplasia, gardner syndrome

Question 26

What is microdontia?

Answer 26

Smaller teeth
More common secondary dentition
F>M

Question 27

How can macrodontia present?

Answer 27

Can be localised or generalised

Question 28

Aetiology of macrodontia?

Answer 28

Multi-factorial

Question 29

What is concresences?

Answer 29

Wehn teeth unite after development due to excess cementum

Question 30

Example of accessory cusps?

Answer 30

Cusp carabelli - 6s
Talon cusps
Buccal cusps

Question 31

What is taurodontism?

Answer 31

In multi-rooted teeth

Elongation of crown and ACJ constriction

Question 32

How does taurodontism occur?

Answer 32

Defect Hertwig root sheath

Question 33

What are pyramidal roots?

Answer 33

Where roots of multi-rooted tooth fuse