Dental Anomalies 2 Flashcards
What is amelogenesis imperfecta?
- Inherited genetic mutation. Isolated or syndromic
- Enamel is affected in all or nearly all teeth
- Affects primary and permanent dentition.
What is type I amelogenesis imperfecta?
Hypoplastic type: Thinner but hard enamel.
What is type II amelogenesis imperfecta?
Hypomaturation type: Relatively hard but colored (not translucent)
What is type III amelogenesis imperfecta?
Hypomineralized or hypocalcified: Softer rough colored undermineralized enamel
What is type IV amelogenesis imperfecta?
Hypoplastic – hypomature with Taurodontism
What are the characteristics of type I amelogenesis imperfecta?
- Quantitative enamel defect: Failure during enamel matrix secretory stage
- Generalized or localized, pits, striae, groove defects.
- Diffuse smooth, or rough.
- Teeth appear white to yellow-brown, small, and square shaped.
- Open contacts. “picket fence” appearance. Flat occlusal surface, low cusps
- Delayed eruption and increased impaction
What type of amelogenesis imperfecta does this show?
type I: hypoplastic type
How do the teeth appear in type I amelogenesis imperfecta?
- Teeth appear white to yellow-brown, small, and square shaped.
- Open contacts. “picket fence” appearance. Flat occlusal surface, low cusps
What type of enamel defect is present for type I amelogenesis imperfecta?
quantitative
What type of amelogenesis imperfecta does this show?
type I: hypoplastic type
What does this show?
amelogenesis imperfecta type I: hypoplastic type
What are the characteristics of type II amelogenesis imperfecta (hypomaturation)?
- Normal thickness of enamel. It is a
qualitative defect. - Soft enamel (as radiodense as dentin)
- Less translucid enamel: Cloudy white, yellow or brown color.
- hard and protective
What type of enamel defect is present for type II amelogenesis imperfecta?
qualitative
What type of amelogenesis imperfecta does this show?
type II: hypomaturation
What does amelogenesis imperfecta type II: hypomaturation look like on a radiograph?
the enamel is the same density as the dentin (cannot easily tell them apart)
What are the characteristics of type III amelogenesis imperfecta (hypomineralized)?
- Enamel of normal thickness
but soft, porous and shedding easily from the dentin. - Normal shape at eruption.
- These teeth are very sensitive even to physical contact with a toothbrush.
- Soft enamel: less dense than dentin in radiographs.
- Grossly worn teeth (to gingival level)
- The color of enamel can range from white to creamy yellow-brown.
What type of amelogenesis imperfecta does this show?
type III: hypomineralization
What type of amelogenesis imperfecta does this show?
type II: hypomaturation
What is dentinogenesis imperfecta?
- Primary dentition more severely affected
- Amber-like translucency (yellow to blue-gray)
- Enamel separates easily from dentin (faulty DEJ)
- Accelerated attrition → Anterior open bite
- Cervical constriction → bulbous crown
- Short and slender roots
- Partial or complete obliteration of pulp chambers and canals
- Types I, II and III
What dental anomaly is this?
dentinogenesis imperfecta
What dental anomaly is this?
dentinogenesis imperfecta
What is type I dentinogenesis imperfecta?
- Associated with osteogenesis imperfecta
- Mutation in collagen synthesis genes
What is type II dentinogenesis imperfecta?
- No skeletal defects
- Enlarged pulp chambers in primary teeth (occasional)
What is type III dentinogenesis imperfecta?
- Brandywine isolate
- Found in people originating from southern Maryland
- Enlarged pulp chambers
- Pulp exposure
What dental anomaly is this?
dentinogenesis imperfecta
What are examples of acquired abnormalities?
1) Attrition
2) Abrasion
3) Erosion
4) Third molar impaction
What is attrition?
Physiologic wear of teeth
What dental anomaly is this?
attrition
What dental anomaly is this?
attrition
What is abrasion?
Mechanical wear of teeth
What dental anomaly is this?
abrasion
What dental anomaly is this?
abrasion
What dental anomaly is this?
abrasion
What is erosion?
Chemical wear of teeth
What dental anomaly is this?
erosion
What dental anomaly is this?
erosion
What dental anomaly is this?
erosion
What dental anomaly is this?
erosion
What are the types of third molar impactions?
- I. Full impaction vs partial impaction
- II. Orientation:
– Vertical
– Inverted
– Mesioangular
– Distoangular
– Horizontal
– Inverted mesioangular
– Inverted distoangular
What dental anomaly is this?
third molar impaction (distoangular)
What dental anomaly is this?
third molar impaction (inverted and mesioangular)
What dental anomaly is this?
third molar impaction (vertical and inverted)
What dental anomaly is this?
third molar impaction (horizontal)
What is the anomaly with this patient?
- supernumerary teeth
Is there an anomaly?
No the patient is just turned
What is the anomaly with this patient?
dens in dente type 1
What is the anomaly with this patient?
ectodermal dysplasia (possibly)
What is the anomaly with this patient?
- supernumerary teeth
- distodens (4th molar)
What is the anomaly with this patient?
amelogenesis imperfecta type 1
What is the anomaly with this patient?
dentiogenesis imperfecta
What is the orientation of this third molar?
inverted and mesioangular
What is the anomaly with this patient?
curvature of the premolar root (laceration)
What is the anomaly with this patient?
- curvature of the premolar root (laceration)
- canine is moved (transposition)
What is the anomaly with this patient?
- distodens (4th molar)
What is the anomaly with this patient?
- supernumerary tooth (mesiodens)
What is the anomaly with this patient?
gemination
What is the anomaly with this patient?
amelogenesis imperfecta type 1
What is the anomaly with this patient?
- dens invaginatus (on lateral incisor)
What is the anomaly with this patient (another photo with the answer)?
- supernumerary teeth
- dens in dente on premolars
What is the anomaly with this patient?
- amelogenesis imperfecta type IV (hyperplastic)
- taurodontism
What is the anomaly with this patient?
- microdontia (3rd molars?)
