Dental Anatomy Midterm 1 Unit 1 and 2

Question 1

List the 3 components of Gingival Tissue

Answer 1

1. Marginal (free)
2. Attached
3. Interdental Papilla

Question 2

What gingival tissue adheres tightly to the alveolar bone?

Answer 2

Attached Gingiva

Question 3

What is the Interdental Papilla attached to?

Answer 3

To bone as well as the gum tissue found between teeth

Question 4

What is the mucogingival junction?

Answer 4

The line between the firmer and pinker attached gingiva and the movable and redder alveolar mucosa is the scallop-shaped mucogingival junction

Question 5

What are the 3 layers of the tooth?

Answer 5

1. Extremely hard outer enamel layer
2. Moderately hard dentin layer
3. Pulp

Question 6

What are the 4 types of teeth?

Answer 6

1. Incisors
2. Canines/Cuspids
3. Premolars/Bicuspids
4. Molars

Question 7

What are primary teeth?

Answer 7

Deciduous, baby teeth. 1st dentition, 10 maxillary and 10 mandibular.

Question 8

What are secondary teeth?

Answer 8

Permanent, adult teeth. 16 maxillary and 16 mandibular.

Question 9

Define succedaneous.

Answer 9

Permanent teeth that replace primary teeth. All teeth except for permanent molars.

Question 10

Define mixed dentition.

Answer 10

Transitional dentition. Both primary and secondary teeth are present. Usually between ages 5-12.

Question 11

What are the functions of each teeth?

Answer 11

Incisors - cut and bite
Cuspids - cut, tear, and grasp
Premolars - tear and grasp
Molars - grind/pulverize

Question 12

What does the periodontium consists of?

Answer 12

1. Gingiva
2. Cementum
3. Periodontal ligament
4. Alveolar bone

Question 13

What does enamel consist of?

Answer 13

96% inorganic (calcium hydroxyapatite crystals)
1% organic
3% water

Question 14

What is enamel produced by?

Answer 14

Made by ameloblast cells

Question 15

What does dentin consist of?

Answer 15

70% inorganic (calcium hydroxyapatite.)
20% organic (collagen, mucopolysaccharide ground substance)
10% water

Question 16

What is dentin produced by?

Answer 16

Laid down as dentinal tubules by odontoblasts

Question 17

What are the 4 types of dentin?

Answer 17

1. Mantle
2. Circumpulpal
3. Peritubular
4. Intertubular

Question 18

What is mantle dentin?

Answer 18

the outermost layer of dentin and it is the first dentin formed by the odontoblasts

Question 19

What is cirumpulpal dentin?

Answer 19

layer around the outer pulpal wall

Question 20

What is peritubular dentin?

Answer 20

found in the walls of the dentinl tubules

Question 21

What is intertubular dentin?

Answer 21

found between the dentinal tubules

Question 22

What are the classifications of Dentin?

Answer 22

1. Primary - forms the body of the tooth. (mantle and circumpulpal dentin)
2. Secondary - forms only after tooth eruption. (narrow band that borders the pulp)
3. Tertiary or reparative - forms only in response to trauma to the pulp (caries, attrition, abrasion, restorative procedures)

Question 23

What does Cementum consists of?

Answer 23

65% inorganic
23% inorganic
12% water

Question 24

What is cementum produced by?

Answer 24

Cementoblasts lay down cementum along the root surface

Question 25

What is the main function of cementum?

Answer 25

attachment site for PDL

Question 26

Where is acellular cementum?

Answer 26

layed down on the cervical 1/2 of the root. (it cannot regenerate)

Question 27

Where is cellular cementum?

Answer 27

layed down on the lower 1/2 of root.

Question 28

What are 5 characteristics of acellular cementum?

Answer 28

1. first layer(s) deposited
2. At least one layer over all the root, with many layers near the cervical one third
3. formed at a slower rate
4. No embedded cemetocytes
5. Width constant over time

Question 29

What are 5 characteristics of cellular cementum?

Answer 29

1. formed after acellular layer(s)
2. layered over acellular, mainly in apical one third, especially interradicular region
3. formed at a faster rate
4. embedded cementocytes
5. layer sometimes added over time

Question 30

List characteristics of pulp

Answer 30

1. innermost tissue of the tooth
2. is connective tissue with all the components of such a tissue
3. includes intercellular substances, tissue fluid, cells, lymphatics, vascular system, nerves and fibers.

Question 31

What are 3 functions of pulp?

Answer 31

1. Nutritive: it keeps the organic components of the surrounding mineralized tissue supplied with moisture and nutrients
2. Sensory: extremes in temperatures, pressure or trauma to the dentin or pulp are perceived as pain
3. Protective: the formation of reparative or secondary dentin (by the odontoblasts as they remain in the outer pupal wall)

Question 32

What is the pulp chamber?

Answer 32

The area where the large mass of pulp is contained. The shape corresponds directly to the overall shape of the tooth. The pulp chamber has 2 main divisions: coronal pulp and radicular pulp.

Question 33

Where is the coronal pulp? What does it create?

Answer 33

Located in the crown of the tooth. Creates the pulp horns.

Question 34

Where is the radicular pulp?

Answer 34

Located in the root of the tooth. It is also called the pulp canal.

Question 35

What is a proximal contact?

Answer 35

Where crowns of adjacent teeth touch in the interproximal space on the same arch. Provides stabilization and anchorage for teeth.

Question 36

What is the contact point?

Answer 36

The contact areas on cusp tips or crowns that contact the opposing arch.

Question 37

What are Embrasure/Spillways?

Answer 37

When 2 teeth meet in the same arch spaces are created due to the curvatures of the teeth (V shaped spaces are created)

Question 38

What are the general rules of Embrasures?

Answer 38

1. Embrasures become wider anterior to posterior
2. In the anterior, facial and lingual are equal
3. In posteriors lingual embrasure spaces are wider than buccal because the teeth are narrower on the lingual

Question 39

What is the height of contour?

Answer 39

The most convex portion of crown. It helps deflect food so trauma to soft tissue is minimized, while allowing stimulation to keep soft tissue healthy.