DENGUE

Question 1

The most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease worldwide

Answer 1

DENGUE

Question 2

The principal vectors for all four
dengue viruses

Answer 2

yellow fever mosquitoes (Ae. aegypti).

• Ae. aegypti mosquitoes typically breed near
  human habitation, using relatively fresh water from sources such as water jars, vases, discarded containers, coconut husks, and old tires

Question 3

Incubation period for dengue?

Answer 3

4-7 days

Question 4

A positive tourniquet is defined as

Answer 4

The detection of 10 or more new petechiae in one square inch of the upper arm after a 5-min blood pressure cuff inflation to midway between systolic and diastolic pressure

Question 5

Laboratory findings of dengue without/with warning signs

Answer 5

• Leukopenia
• Thrombocytopenia
• Modest elevations of serum aminotransferase concentrations without hepatic synthetic dysfunction

Question 6

What is a key feature that differentiates severe dengue from dengue with warning signs?
A) Presence of fever
B) Mild abdominal pain
C) Severe plasma leakage, severe bleeding, or severe organ impairment
D) Positive tourniquet test

Answer 6

Answer: C) Severe plasma leakage, severe bleeding, or severe organ impairment
Rationale: Severe dengue is characterized by at least one of three major complications: severe plasma leakage leading to shock or respiratory distress, severe bleeding, or severe organ involvement.

Question 7

Which of the following is considered a warning sign of dengue?
A) Severe hemorrhage
B) Liver enlargement >2 cm
C) Shock (DSS)
D) AST or ALT ≥1000

Answer 7

Answer: B) Liver enlargement >2 cm
Rationale: Liver enlargement >2 cm is listed as a warning sign of dengue, whereas the other options (severe hemorrhage, shock, and high liver enzymes) are indicators of severe dengue.

Question 8

Severe plasma leakage in severe dengue can lead to which of the following complications?
A) Persistent vomiting
B) Fluid accumulation with respiratory distress
C) Mild abdominal pain
D) Positive tourniquet test

Answer 8

Answer: B) Fluid accumulation with respiratory distress
Rationale: Severe plasma leakage can cause fluid accumulation, leading to respiratory distress or shock (DSS), which are life-threatening complications.

Question 9

Which laboratory finding is associated with severe organ involvement in severe dengue?
A) Hematocrit (HCT) increase with platelet decrease
B) AST or ALT ≥1000
C) Leukopenia
D) Positive dengue serology

Answer 9

Answer: B) AST or ALT ≥1000
Rationale: A high level of AST or ALT (≥1000) indicates severe liver involvement, a criterion for severe dengue.