DEN205 Final Flashcards
Which electrons have the greatest binding energy ?
a. N-Shell
b. M-Shell
c. K-Shell
d. L-Shell
c. K-Shell
Which describes the primary radiation?
a. Radiation that exits the tube-head
b. Radiation that is created when x-rays that come in contact with matter.
c. Radiation that has been deflected from its path by the interaction with matter.
d. None of the above.
a. Radiation that exits the tube-head
What is the most common cause of unnecessary radiation exposure?
a. Having kVp set too high
b. Using slow speed film
c. Taking an FMX every three years
d. Taking radiographs just because “the patient is due”
d. Taking radiographs just because “the patient is due”
Which type of scatter occurs the most often with dental radiographs?
a. Coherent
b. Compton
c. Photoelectric
d. Secondary
b. Compton
If you have a patient thats needs a retake on the mandibular right pre- molars because of overlapping. When you view the image, the overlap is more visible on the mesial of the film compared to the distal of the film. What do you need to correct this error on your next exposure?
a. Correct the vertical angulation, decrease the vertical angulation
b. Correct horizontal angulation, direct the PID more toward the distal
c. Correct horizontal angulation, direct the PID more toward the mesial
d. Correct the vertical angulation, increase the vertical angulation
b. Correct horizontal angulation, direct the PID more toward the distal
What is the portion of a dental image that appears dark or black termed?
a. dense
b. radiopaque
c. radiolucent
d. transparent
c. radiolucent
What is the Maxillary landmark that consist of bony, scroll-shaped plates in the walls of the nasal cavity?
a. nasal conchae
b. nasal sinus
c. nasal septum
d. nasal spine
a. nasal conchae
What is the concept and acronym that states that all exposure to radiation must be kept to a minimum and must protect the operator and patients?
a. As Low As Radiations Allow
b. As Low As Reasonably Achievable
c. Applies Less Accepted Radiation Act
d. Allow Low As Radiation Applies
b. As Low As Reasonably Achievable
When exposing an x-ray, what is the name of the location where the x-rays are produced with in the machine?
a. Negative, Cathode
b. Negative Anode
c. Positive Cathode
d. Positive Anode
d. Positive Anode
If an operator is wearing a personal monitoring device, the purpose would be?
a. It monitors how much radiation is given off by nearby sources other than the x-ray machine.
b. It monitors how much radiation is in the entire office.
c. It monitors the quantity of x-rays an operator would take in one 24-hour period.
d. It monitors how much radiation and operator is being exposed to in a given timeline.
d. It monitors how much radiation and operator is being exposed to in a given timeline.
What is the penetrating x-ray beam that exits the tube head called?
a. secondary radiation
b. scatter radiation
c. characteristic radiation
d. primary beam
d. primary beam
When using an Antiseptic hand wash how long would you wash your hands for?
a. 15 seconds
b. 30 to 40 seconds
c. 25 seconds
d. 60 seconds
a. 15 seconds
What is required when preparing a patient for digital x-ray exposure?
a. adjusting the head rest
b. placement of lead apron
c. adjusting the height of the dental chair
d. all the above
d. all the above
When using the guidelines according to ADA, how should each patient be treated?
a. As potentially infectious
b. As not being a source of infection
c. As infectious based on their suspicious medical history
d. As source of non-communicable disease
a. As potentially infectious
Which one of these is a critical instrument?
a. XCP Rinn Ring
b. PID
c. Forceps
d. Sensor
c. Forceps
Which statement best describes ionization?
a. The proton in the nucleus exchanges an electron with the neutron, which creates energy.
b. A positive electron exchanges its positiveness for a proton.
c. Electrons are bundled together to create more energy.
d. When an atom loses a negative electron.
d. When an atom loses a negative electron.
Which of the following statements is true of dental images and the patients record?
a. The dental record must include documentation of the number and type of dental images exposed.
b. It is advised to keep patient dental images in a file separate from patient charts.
c. Dental images are an option rather than an integral part of the dental record.
d. Dental images may be discarded when outdated.
a. The dental record must include documentation of the number and type of dental images exposed.
Which of the following areas or surfaces on the x-ray machine must be covered or disinfected? 1 = control panel, 2 = exposure button, 3= tube-head, 4= PID
a. 2 only
b. 2, 3, and 4
c. 1, 2, and 3
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
What is the current MPD for occupationally exposed dental personnel?
a. 2 rad/yr.
b. 5.0 rem/yr.
c. 3.0 rem/yr.
d. 7.0 rem/yr.
b. 5.0 rem/yr.
The Snap-a Ray, Rinn XCP, Stabe, Precision, and Bite Blocks are all examples of what?
a. film
b. view boxes
c. receptor holders
d. types of dental x-ray machines
c. receptor holders
In Dental radiography, the term _________ is used to describe the mean energy or penetrating power of the x-ray beam.
a. quantity
b. intensity
c. wavelength
d. quality
d. quality
When exposing an x-ray which of the following structures would appear the most radiopaque?
a. metallic restorations
b. dental pulp
c. air space
d. periodontal ligament space
a. metallic restorations
The 3 major elements that make up the x-ray machine are:
a. Vacuum tube, high-voltage power source and collimator
b. PID, collimator and operating panel
c. Tube-head, PID and vacuum tube
d. Control panel, high-voltage power source and collimator
a. Vacuum tube, high-voltage power source and collimator
When the contrast is too low on a dental image. Tell me what would you need to adjust in order to increase the contrast?
a. increase kV
b. Decrease mA
c. Decrease kV
d. Increase mA
c. Decrease kV
The ALARA concept expresses which of the following:
a. All exposure to radiation must be kept to a minimum
b. Both patient and operator should be protected from unnecessary exposure
c. Both A and B
d. None of the above
c. Both A and B
Which of the following does a film badge monitor?
a. Total office staff radiation exposures
b. Patient exposures
c. Natural radiation exposures
d. Radiographer’s daily occupational radiation exposures
d. Radiographer’s daily occupational radiation exposures
The Mental Foramen is often misdiagnosed as a ____________ because of its apical location.
a. periapical granuloma
b. odontoma
c. radicular cyst
d. dentigerous cyst
a. periapical granuloma
OSHA (Occupational Safety & Health Administration) requires all employees who work with radiation to wear which of the following:
a. lead lined gloves
b. dosimeter
c. lead apron
d. all of the above
b. dosimeter
The PID is an extension of the:
a. control panel
b. tube-head
c. metal housing
d. exposure button
c. metal housing
What organization determines the standard for the Maximum Permissible Dose a person can receive?
a. ADA
b. EPA
c. ALARA
d. OSHA
e. NCRP
e. NCRP
What is the federal law that was enacted in 1981 that requires all persons who take dental radiographs must be properly trained and certified?
a. Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act
b. ALARA concept
c. Guidelines for prescribing dental x-rays
d. Quality assurance program
a. Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act
What are the common uses of the 3 dimensional imaging include which of the following below:
1. implant placement
2. airways and sinus analysis
3. evaluation of the TMJ disorders
4. viewing the definition of anatomic structures
5. extraction or exposure of impacted 3rd molars
a. 1, 2, 3
b. 2, 4, 5
c. 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5
d. 3, 4
c. 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5
What controls the quantity of electrons when x-rays are produced?
a. kilovoltage peak
b. milliamperage
c. voltage
d. contrast
b. milliamperage
What is the best course of action if a patient refuses to take radiographs?
a. Expose x-rays anyways
b. Explain to the patient that the dentist cannot perform a quality exam without them.
c. After counseling the patient and the patient still refuses, excuse the patient from the practice.
d. Have the patient sign a waiver stating they do not want radiographs.
c. After counseling the patient and the patient still refuses, excuse the patient from the practice.
What is the portion of the bone that surrounds the lingual foramen, that will appear radiopaque?
a. genial tubercle
b. hamular notch
c. conchae
d. mental foramen
a. genial tubercle
What is the traditional unit of measurement for the absorption of x-ray?
a. R
b. REM
c. RAD
d. GY
c. RAD
According to the American Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and the _____, both recommend the use of a rectangular collimator to reduce radiation that a patient will receive.
a. OSHA
b. EPA
c. OSAP
d. ADA
d. ADA
If you have a carie that is found around the margin of an existing crown it is referred to as which type of decay?
a. recurrent caries
b. root caries
c. buccal caries
d. dental caries
a. recurrent caries
What is the true statement about radiation monitoring badge?
a. Workers in the same office can share dosimeters.
b. Dosimeters should be worn at the waist level or above.
c. Dosimeters should be worn when the worker is undergoing x-ray exposure.
d. All employees should be always with a dosimeter everywhere they go.
b. Dosimeters should be worn at the waist level or above.
What quality control device is used to compare the density of the radiographic image?
a. step-wedge
b. photoreceptor
c. safelight
d. solutions
a. step-wedge
What is the test used for calibration of the kVp and mA readings that would be most likely performed to ensure that the dental ________ is functioning properly:
a. film processing
b. x-ray machine
c. film
d. darkroom
b. x-ray machine
What is the type of radiation that occurs when the x-rays are deflected from their path by the interaction of matter and are the most harmful?
a. leakage
b. scatter
c. secondary
d. primary
b. scatter
Which of the following can be used for disinfection and cleaning of the dental unit and environmental surfaces?
a. soap and water
b. EPA - registered chemicals germicides that are labeled as only hospital disinfectants.
c. EPA - registered chlorine-containing compounds labeled as both hospital disinfectants and tuberculocidal.
d. bleach-free disinfectant wipes
e. lysol wipes
c. EPA - registered chlorine-containing compounds labeled as both hospital disinfectants and tuberculocidal.
Identify the statements below:
Statement 1. Until recently, three-dimensional imaging has been used primarily for medical image purposes.
Statement 2. Cone-beam volume computed tomography was developed for use in dentistry to evaluate the maxillofacial and oral areas of the head and neck.
a. Both statements are false.
b. Both statements are true.
c. The first statement is false, second statement is true.
d. The second statement is true, the first statement is false.
b. Both statements are true.
What is the MPD of radiation for a pregnant patient?
a. 0.1 rem/yr.
b. 5.0 rem/yr.
c. 1.0 rem/yr.
d. 0.5 rem/yr.
d. 0.5 rem/yr.
When you have a patient in the chair, you have placed the image receptor in the patient’s mouth, and you have positioned the PID. Which of the following should you do next to take the x-ray?
a. Push exposure button
b. Turn on the x-ray machine
c. Exposed radiograph
d. Dental radiograph
a. Push exposure button
When you are exposing your mandibular anterior x-rays, you are consistently too long in the root area and your image seems out of proportion. What would be the error and how should you correct it?
a. Magnification: the receptor needs to be closer to the tooth or the target image receptor distance needs to be increased.
b. Foreshortening: receptor needs to be parallel to the teeth, and the x-ray beam needs to be perpendicular to both.
c. Elongation: the receptor needs to be parallel to the teeth and the x-ray beam needs to be perpendicular to both.
d. Magnification: the receptor needs to be parallel to the teeth and the x-ray beam needs to be perpendicular to both.
c. Elongation: the receptor needs to be parallel to the teeth and the x-ray beam needs to be perpendicular to both.
What would you place into the patient’s mouth in order to take an x-ray?
a. Image
b. Image receptor
c. Exposed radiograph
d. Dental radiograph
b. Image receptor
What does the abbreviation FMS stand for?
a. full mouth x-rays
b. complete mouth scan
c. full mouth series
d. full mandibular survey
c. full mouth series
What pathologic conditions can be identified on an x-ray?
a. salivary stones
b. frena
c. herpetic lesions
d. aphthous ulcers
a. salivary stones
What is a factor that is used to measure the penetrating power of radiation?
a. amplitude
b. wavelength
c. sound of the wave
d. frequency
b. wavelength
When taking an occlusal (size 4 film) radiograph, what projection would you use to examine the palate and the anterior teeth of the maxilla?
a. lateral occlusal
b. topographic projection
c. pediatric projection
d. cross-sectional
b. topographic projection
Which imaginary plane passes from the bottom of the eye socket through the top of the ear canal?
a. midsagittal
b. frontal
c. frankfort
d. axial
c. frankfort
This radiolucent foramen is located behind the central incisors (it is also almond shaped):
a. mental
b. superior
c. lingual
d. incisive
d. incisive
Which one of the following describes the Consumer-Patient Radiation Health & Safety Act?
- Established guidelines for the proper maintenance of x-ray equipment.
- Requires person who take dental images to be properly trained and certified.
- Outlines the requirement for the safe use of dental x-ray equipment.
a. 2 and 3
b. 1 and 2
c. 1 and 3
d. 1, 2, & 3
d. 1, 2, & 3
Tell me which one of the following is the common uses of three-dimension imaging:
- Implant placement
- Extraction or exposure of impacted teeth
- Evaluation of the temporomandibular joint disorders
- Airways and sinus analysis
- Definition of anatomic structures
a. 2, 4, 5
b. 1, 2, 3
c. 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5
d. 2, 3, 4
c. 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5
Which statement is FALSE regarding PPE?
a. It must be worn to prevent contact with infectious materials.
b. It must be worn by all dental professionals.
c. It must be removed before you leave your dental office.
d. It must be changed weekly.
d. It must be changed weekly.
When taking an x-ray in the premolar area, what anatomy is near the apex that will appear radiolucent?
a. mental foramen
b. mandibular canal
c. lamina dura
d. tuberosity
a. mental foramen
What federal law was enacted in 1981 that requires all persons who expose dental radiographs to be properly trained and certified?
a. ALARA concept
b. Consumer-Patient Radiation Health & Safety Act
c. Guidelines for Prescribing Dental Radiographs
d. Quality Assurance Program
b. Consumer-Patient Radiation Health & Safety Act
The XCP RINN Ring is a:
a. beam alignment device
b. uni-bite
c. styrofoam attachment block
d. type of x-ray
a. beam alignment device
Converting the standard system of radiation measurement to the metric system, the dosage for 100 rads is the equivalent to:
a. 1 c/kg
b. 1 GY
c. 100 rems
d. 100 SV
a. 1 c/kg
When lower kVp settings are used and image with ________ will result.
a. low contrast
b. high contrast
c. many shades of black and white
d. no variance in contrast
b. high contrast
What does the Waters projection evaluate?
a. Posteroanterior projection
b. lateral jaw projection
c. waters view projection
d. submentovertex
c. waters view projection
Too much vertical angulation results in images that are:
a. elongated
b. foreshortened
c. overlapped
d. none of the above
b. foreshortened
What type of intensifying phosphors screens admit a green light?
a. calcium tungstate
b. cassette
c. rare earth
d. intraoral radiographs
c. rare earth
