Demography on the family Flashcards
what is demography?
study of statistics that measure the size and growth of a population
define the total fertility rate
average number of children a women would have if she followed the current fertility rates throughout her life
what has happened to birth rates?
decreased. average was 2.0 but is now 1.7. women are having children later on in life. more people are not having women at all. contraception. expense of children.
what has happened to death rates?
decreased. adult mortality has fallen. more medical advancement and improved public health lead to decline of disease.
define infant mortality rate
the number of deaths of children aged 0 to 1 per 1000 live births
what has happened to life expectancy?
falling mortality rates have led to the increase in life expectancy. falling infant mortality rate and improved public health.
what has happened to the burden of care in society because of the ageing population?
society has a responsibility to take care of the vulnerable so with an ageing population means more responsibility (burden of care). it increases the dependency ratio and the young struggle to meet the needs of the old.
what is the dependency ratio?
the number of people who are not of working age compared to the number of working age people who can support them
what is net migration?
the number of people moving into the country minus the number moving away
what has happened to net migration and why?
increased. after ww2 labour shortage prompted the government to encourage polish soldiers to move to the UK. British Nationality Act allowed people of the British commonwealth to settle in the UK. more countries joining the EU meant more people could move to the UK
what is Globalisation?
when nations become more connected and barriers separating societies get broken down.
what does Globalisation lead to?
international migration and more diverse reasons for migration eg for work.
