Demography Flashcards
the study of the size, composition, and geographic
distribution of human populations, and how the population changes due to fertility, mortality, and migration.
Demography
the ‘big three’ of demography,
jointly producing population stability or change
Births
Deaths
Migration
A population’s composition may be described in terms of
Basic demographic features
Features of the population’s social and economic context
Basic demographic features
age
sex
family
household status
features of the population’s social and economic context
language
educaiton
ethnicity
occupation
religion
income
wealth
The distribution of populations can be defined at
- multiple levels
- with different types of boundaries
The distribution of populations can be defined at multiple levels, which are:
local
regional
national
global
The distribution of populations can be defined with different types of boundaries, which are:
political
economical
geographic
_____________ is a central component of societal contexts and
social change.
Demography
TOOLS OF DEMOGRAPHY
Count
Rates
Ratio
Proportion
Constant
Cohort Measures
Period Measures
- the absolute number of a population or any demographic event
occurring in a specified time period
Count
The raw quantities of demographic events are the basis of all
other statistical refinements and analyses.
Count
The frequency of demographic events in a population in a
specified time period
Rates
tell how frequently an event is occurring – how common
it is.
Rates
______________ are rates computed for an entire population
Crude rates
__________ are rates computed for a specific subgroup,
usually the population at risk of having the event occur (for
example, general fertility rate; births per 1,000 women ages
15-49 years).
Specific rates
the relation of one population subgroup to another
subgroup in the same population; that is, one subgroup
divided by another
ratio
the relation of a population subgroup to the entire
population; that is, a population subgroup divided by the
entire population
proportion
An unchanging, arbitrary number (for example, 100 or 1,000
or 100,000) by which rates, ratios, or proportions can be
multiplied to express these measures in more
understandable fashion.
constant
In the demographic formulas, “K” means
constant
Statistics that measure events occurring to a __________ – a group of people sharing a common demographic experience who are
observed through time.
cohort
The most commonly used cohort is the _____ cohort
birth
Statistics that measure events occurring to all or part of a population during one period of time – “taking a snapshot” of a population, in effect
Period Measures
Defined as a group of individuals of the same
species living and interbreeding within a given area.
population
Members of a population often rely on the same___________, are
subject to similar environmental constraints, and depend on the availability of other members to persist over time.
resources
Demographics can include any statistical factors that influence
population growth or decline, but several parameters are
particularly important:
- population size
- density
- age structure
- fecundity (birth rates)
- mortality (death rates)
- sex ratio
__________ can include any statistical factors that influence population growth or decline
Demographics
birth rates are also known as
fecundity
death rates are also known as
mortality
defined as the number of individuals present
in a subjectively designated geographic range
population size
the total population of the Philippines as of 01 May 2020 is at
109,035,343
The size of a population in relation to the amount of space that it occupies.
population density
Density is usually expressed as the ______________________________________________________________
number of individuals per
unit area or volume
All individuals contribute equally to a population.
Occasionally, researchers find it useful to characterize the
different contributions made by different individuals.
a. both statements are correct
b. both statements are false
c. statement 1 is true, statement 2 is false
d. statement 2 is true, statement 1 is false
d. statement 2 is true, statement 1 is false
Not all individuals contribute equally to a population.
Occasionally, researchers find it useful to characterize the
different contributions made by different individuals.
In age structure, first, individuals are sorted into _____________ categories
called cohorts, such as “_______” or “___________”
age-specific; juveniles; subadults
In age structure, first individuals are sorted into age specific categories called cohorts, such as “juveniles” or “subadults”. Researchers then create a profile of the size and age structures of the cohorts to determine the ______________________ of that population, in order to estimate current and future growth.
reproductive potential
describes the number of offspring an individual or a population is able to produce during a given period of time
fecundity
the measure of individual deaths in a population and serves as the counterbalance to fecundity
mortality
Mortality is measured in _________, usually expressed as the number of individuals that die in a given period (deaths per unit time) or the_______________ of the population that dies in a given period (percent deaths per unit time)
rates; proportion
measure the number of males and females within a population
sex ratio
A __________________ is a calculation of the size of a population for a year between census periods or for the current year.
population estimate
Estimates involve the use of data that are based on the following information:
- Components of population change, including migration, fertility, and mortality
- Census results
- Information that reflects change in population size such as the number of housing units, postal or mailing addresses, registered voters, school enrollment, and users of metered water and other utilities.
A ____________ is a calculation of the size of the population for a future date in time.
projection
Population information for past, present, and future conditions can be used to make a ____________ about the population.
projection
quantitative information about a population’s “vital events” such as the number of births (natality), deaths (mortality), marriages (nuptiality) and divorces.
Vital statistics
- Natality
- Mortality
- Nuptiality
- Birth
- Deaths
- Marriage
