Demographic Changes Flashcards
Immigration
refers to movement into a society
Emigration
refers to movement out of a society
Total fertility Rate
This is the average number of children women will have during their fertile years
Birth rate
The number of live births per thousand of the population per year
Reasons for decline in birth rate
Child centredness,children are now an economic liability and changes in women’s position
Dependency ratio
The relationship between the size of the working or productive part of the population and the size of the non-working or dependent part of the population
Reasons for decline in death rate
Improved nutrition, medical improvements, smoking and diet
Life expectancy
This refers to how long on average a person born in a given year can expect to live.
ageing population
An ageing population is one where the proportion of older people is increasing.
Causes of an ageing population
increasing life expectancy, declining infant mortality rate and declining fertility
gender differences example
Women generally live longer than men
Regional differences example
those living in the North and Scotland have a lower life expectancy than those in the South
class differences example
Those living in the poorest areas of England die on average seven years earlier than those in the richer areas
net migration
this is the difference between the numbers of immigrants and the numbers of emigrants, and is expressed as a net increase or a net decrease due to migration
