Democracy and Participation

Question 1

What is a ‘sectional’ pressure group?

Answer 1

They represent a particular group within society, such as (NUS) representing the interests of students. They therefore lobby the government on behalf of that group

Question 2

What is a ‘causal’ pressure group?

Answer 2

Cause pressure groups promote a singular issues. Members of cause can be drawn from across society.

Question 3

What is an ‘insider’ pressure group?

Answer 3

An insider pressure group works closely with the government, in decision-making.

Question 4

What is an ‘outsider’ pressure group?

Answer 4

Since outsider pressure groups do not possess access to political decision making, they need to achieve influence in other ways.

Question 5

AO2 of insider status being determined by political circumstances.

Answer 5

In the 1970s, trade unions in Britain were so powerful that ‘The Secretary of Transport and General Workers’ Union’ (Jack Jones) was called the MOST POWERFUL MAN IN BRITAIN.

Question 6

Key Promotional Pressure Groups

Answer 6

• MeToo
• FareShare UK
• RSPCA

Question 7

Key Insider Pressure Groups

Answer 7

• CBI

- British Medical Association

Question 8

Key Outsider Pressure Groups

Answer 8

• Hillsborough Justice Campaign
• Justice for Grenfell
• Taxpayers’ Alliance

Question 9

Methods used by Insiders?

Answer 9

• Working with ministers and civil servants
• Working with committees
• Working with political parties
• Wider access points

Question 10

Methods used by Outsiders?

Answer 10

• Engaging the public
• The courts
• Direct Action

Question 11

What is R.I.P.E?

Answer 11

Factors that contribute to a political pressure groups success:
R - resources
I - ideological compatibility
P - popularity
E - expertise

Question 12

Who are the “HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH”?

Answer 12

A civil rights’ pressure group that monitor to which governments around the world protect the human rights of their citizens.
- Worked closely with the ‘Grenfell Movement’

Question 13

Who are ‘STONEWALL’?

Answer 13

A pressure group that is committed to ‘acceptance without exception’. It focuses on lobbying Parliament to legislate to protect the rights of LGBTQ+ people

Question 14

What is a think-tank?

Answer 14

A group established in order to generate ideas. Political parties work closely with like-minded think-tanks.

Question 15

What is a lobbyist?

Answer 15

Lobbyists represent a particular group or cause and seek to influence politicians in its favour.

Question 16

Magna Carta was written in which year?

Answer 16

1215

Question 17

The Bill of Rights was signed in which year?

Answer 17

1689

Question 18

Why is it hard to enforce human rights?

Answer 18

The human right is down to interpretation and often referred to as ‘Soft law’.