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MIDTERMS 212 > DEMENTIA - ALZHEIMERS DISEASE > Flashcards

DEMENTIA - ALZHEIMERS DISEASE Flashcards

1
Q

Teaching/Learning Strategies

A

Forward and Backward Chaining

Repetition and Routine

Mirroring

Bridging

Hand under Hand

Cues – Verbal, Tactile, Visual

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2
Q

Definition of Alzheimers Disease

A

progressive dementia for which currently no known cure exists. loss of cognitive and memory function, impaired abstract thought and judgement. Cotical abnormalities causing personality change

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3
Q

Treatment Activities for AZ patients

A

Music

Simple Games

Familiar Activities/Occupations

Reminiscence

Gross-Motor Tasks

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4
Q

True dementia vs Pseudo-dementia

A

Pseudo dementias - reveersible, related to different cause (Depression, metabolic imbalance, hypothyroidism)

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5
Q

ways to prevent wandering for individuals with dementia

A

Engage in reminiscing.

Sundowning -

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6
Q

Evaluations for dementia

A

Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE)

Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

Kitchen Task Assessment

ADL Evaluation

Memory and Behavior Problem Checklist

Functional Behavior Profile

Activity Card Sort

Allen Cognitive Level (ACL) with Routine Task Inventory 2

Do not test

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7
Q

Description of Mini Mental State Exam

A

Evaluates memory, ability to solve simple problems and other thinking skills.

  • a health professional asks a patient a series of questions designed to test a range of everyday mental skills
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8
Q

Basic prevention methods for dementia

A

keep active and invested in meaningful activities

vitamins (B complex and D) and proper nutrition

participation in regular exercise

participation in socialization activities

cognitive exercise***

Maintenance of cognition activities

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9
Q

stages of Alzheimer’s

A

Stage 1-2 (Sapphire) Level 6 - Planned Actions

Stage 3 (Diamond) Level 5 - Exploratory Actions

Stage 4 (Emerald) Level 4 - Goal Directed Actions

Stage 5 (Amber) Level 3
Manual Actions

Stage 6 (Ruby) Level 2 Postural Actions

Stage 7 (Pearl) Level 1 Automatic Actions

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10
Q

Stage 1

A

No Impairment

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11
Q

Stage 2

A

VERY MILD DECLINE (SAPPHIRE)
- difficulty in recalling names, or word finding
- forgets train of thought
- complaints of memory loss

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12
Q

Stage 3

A

MILD DECLINE (Sapphire)

  • problems remembering appontments, travelling to unfamiliar locations - gets lost
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13
Q

Stage 4

A

MODERATE DECELINE (EMERALD)

  • deficits in perfromance of complex tasks like IADLs
  • decrease knowledge of recent events
  • inability to perform high level mental calculations
  • decreased memory for personal information and socially withdrawn
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14
Q

Stage 5

A

MODERATE DECLINE (AMBER)

deficits in choosing appropriate attire
- assistance required with community functioning
- personality changes beginning to be noted

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15
Q

Stage 6

A

SEVERE DECLINE (RUBY)

Occasionally forgets own name
- needs extensive help with ADLs
- decreased memory of personal information
- dysfunctional sleed/wake cycle, hallucinations, compulsions, repetitive behaviors

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16
Q

Stage 7

A

VERY SEVERELY DECLINE (PEARL)

  • Mutism, dysphagia, skeletal and muscle rigidity
  • do not respond to environment
  • inability to control movement
  • requires feeding assistance
17
Q

Considerations of Evaluations

A
18
Q

Why do we assess the caregivers as well?

A

Should also Assess the Caregiver although not necessarily at the same time as the client –

to get an accurate picture of the client’s memory issues and abilities

to get an accurate picture of the caregivers knowledge and perspective

19
Q

Essential elements to effective intervention planning in OT for individuals with AZ

A

ACTIVITY ANALYSIS

TEACHNING LEARNING STRATEGIES

CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING

20
Q

Behavior Management Strategies

A

Rescue Strategies

Prevention strategies

Environmental Strategies

21
Q

Positive Physical Approach

A
  1. Approach from the FRONT to avoid autonomic response
  2. Walk SLOW (1 second, 1 step)
  3. Stand to the side - use SUPPORTIVE STANCE
  4. Crouch LOW
  5. Offer your HAND
  6. Call them by NAME

MIDTERMS 212 (5 decks)

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