Dementia Flashcards
top 3 causes of dementia in over 65
alzheimer’s, vascular and lewy body
top 3 causes of dementia in under 65
alzheimer’s, vascular and frontotemporal
which brain cortex are affected by alzheimer’s
temporo-parietal
clinical features of alzheimer’s
memory and visuospatial problems, but personality generally preserved till later
treatment of alzheimer’s
cholinesterase inhibitors, and NMDA antagonists
rarer causes of dementia
HIV, huntingtons, alcohol toxicity, CJD, syphillis, B12 deficiency
what causes of dementia are there that can be treated
HIV, B12 deficiency, syphillis and thyroid disease
things that may mimic dementia
hydrocephalus, depression or a tumour
what features of vascular dementia distinguish it
a stepwise decline
what features distinguish frontotemporal
little memory loss or visuospatial problems but personality changes and eating habits change
features of lewy body
parkinson’s like physical features such a rigid muscles, hunched shoulders and a shuffling walk. Also memory loss, but less than Alzheimer’s, and hallucinations
investigations for dementia
bloods, mri/ct, functional imaging, B12 levels, genetic tests and CSF
