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Geriatrics Final Exam > Dementia > Flashcards

Dementia Flashcards

1
Q

Frontotemporal dementia is also known as

A

Pick’s Dz

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2
Q

Extracellular plaques

A

amyloid

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3
Q

Intracellular tangles

A

tau

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4
Q

These deficits are associated with cognitive impairment, agitation, aggression, especially in nucleus basalis, hippocampus, and frontotemporal regions

A

Cholinergic deficits

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5
Q

These deficits are associated with depression, agitation, aggression and impulse dsycontrol esp with cell loss in raphe nucleus and long 5-HT transporter gene

A

Serotonergic deficits

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6
Q

These deficits may impact sensitivity to developing spontaneous and drug-induced movement disorders

A

Dopaminergic deficits

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7
Q

Dementia is now called

A

Neurocognitive Disorder

*DSMV

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8
Q

Executive functioning is not included in this exam

A

Mini Mental Exam

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9
Q

Neurocognitive disorders are often noticed first how?

A

Activities of Daily Living

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10
Q

Pts self-report this impairment

A

Mild Cognitive Impairement

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11
Q

60-70% of dementias. Uncommon b4 60. Rises steeply after 60

A

Alzheimer’s

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12
Q

Often misdiagnosed as Alzheimer’s

A

Vascular dementia

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13
Q

If you suspect dementia, start with MME and then move to which test?

A

MOCA

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14
Q

Sudden behavior changes, 40-60yo, loss of ability to communicate effectively, very rare

A

Frontotemporal dementia

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15
Q

Visual hallucinations. Cognitive impairment first, followed by motor impairment

A

Lewy body dementia

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16
Q

Caused by build up of apha synuclein

A

Lewy body dementia

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17
Q

Motor impairment first, followed by cognitive impairment

A

Parkinson’s

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18
Q

Most important skill before giving a cognitive assessment tool

A

Build repoire!

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19
Q

Score range for MMSE

A

0 to 30

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20
Q

MMSE Normal Cognitive Fxn

21
Q

MMSE Mild Cognitive Impairment

22
Q

MMSE Moderate Cognitive Impairment

23
Q

MMSE Severe Cognitive Impairment

24
Q

Gold standard for Cognitive Assessment

25
Q

10 mins to administer

26
Q

Cutoff Score for MMSe

27
Q

More sensitive than MMSE; use if concern for mild cognitive impairment

28
Q

MOCA Normal Cognitive Fxn

29
Q

MOCA Cognitive Impairment Avg

30
Q

MOCA Alzheimer’s Avg

31
Q

Use for triage only

32
Q

3-5 mins, good executive fxn assessment, not affected by language or education level

A

Mini Cog

spec = 99%
sens = 93%
33
Q

“10 past 11”

34
Q

recall 3 words

35
Q

If they recall 1 or 2 words, then . . .

A

Look at the clock

36
Q

Abnormal clock + 1 or 2 words recall = ?

A

Suggest cognition deficit according to MiniCog

37
Q

Cognitive reserve means

A

lots of resilience to behavior problems seen in cognitive impairment

38
Q

Can do normal motor memory routine activities

39
Q

These impairments show during stress

40
Q

Driving test can tell difference between these two things

A

Macro vs Micro

41
Q

This exam is not diagnostic

42
Q

Risk factors for Alzheimer’s

A

Increased age, female, Bad brains, other Dz, Mental illness

43
Q

Alzheimer’s genes

A

Chromosomes 1, 10, 12, 14, 19 (APOE e4), 21

44
Q

Donepezil (Aricept)
Rivastigmine (Exelon patch)
Galantamine (Razadyne)

A

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

45
Q

Memantine (Namenda)

A

NMDA antagonist

*glutamate

46
Q

2 NTs needed for learning and memory

A

glutamate and Ach

47
Q

Remember: AChEI’s have the potential to increase pulmonary secretions slow hear rate via

A

peripheral cholinergic activation

48
Q

How do you give drugs

A

Give low, go slow

49
Q

When giving antipsychotics you must . .

A

Document

*There is a BBW

Geriatrics Final Exam (5 decks)

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