Dementia Flashcards
What are the general symptoms of dementia? List at least three
- memory failure
- disorientation
- misplacing things
- lapses in judgement
- difficulty performing activities of daily life
- difficulty performing mentally challenging tasks
- apathy and loss of initiative
- changes in mood
Dementia subtypes - subcortical
Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, Progressive Supranuculear palsy
Dementia subtypes - cortical
Alzheimer’s, Pick’s Disease, Primary progressive aphasia, HIV encephalopathy
What are the communication deficits symptoms in Parkinson’s?
Early: weak voice, increased speech rate and imprecise articulation, stutter-like syllable repetition, micrographia
Middle: drooling and swallowing impairments
Late: comprehension and attention
What’s the overall difference between subcortical and cortical types of dementia?
Subcortical dementia involves more motor deficits, like rigidity or tremor, than cortical dementia. Cortical dementia involves more cognitive deficits such as memory loss, decline in thinking, personality changes.
Pick’s description
- Onset before age 65
- earlier personality change
- earlier roaming/wandering off
- impulsivity, lack of social inhibition
- hyper-oral behavior - overeating, putting items in mouth
- less early memory impairment than Alzheimer’s
- greater impairment in activities of daily living
- earlier language impairment
- late-stage patients are essentially mute
Explain what you need to manage/provide an intervention for each stage of dementia - Early stage
memory
confusion
impaired communication
group activities
Explain what you need to manage/provide an intervention for each stage of dementia - middle stage
managing troublesome behaviors
communication
group activities
reminiscence activities
Explain what you need to manage/provide an intervention for each stage of dementia - late stage
helping caregivers of late-stage patients who live at home
Explain compensatory treatment
focus on teaching the individual specific methods and skills to compensate for or overcome deficits that are not amendable to retraining
Explain restorative treatment
direct therapy aimed at improving or restoring impaired functions through retraining
List 3 external aids
calendars, notebook, alarm
List 3 internal aids
categorization, chunking, repetition
List 3 types of PPA and explain each type
- PPA-G (agrammatic/non-fluent): problems with word production
- PPA-L (logopenic): problems with word finding
- PPA-S (semantic): problems with word understanding
Compare the symptoms between PD and AD
Symptoms of PD are resting tremors, muscle rigidity, slowness of movement, and postural instability.
Symptoms of AD are impaired memory, intellect, judgement, and language.
What is ABCD? Describe it.
It’s a comprehensive battery that tests story retell. The examiner will read a story, and the client will be asked to tell it back. The examiner grade the client based on how many details that he/she includes in the story.
