Delirium

Question 1

what is the onset of delirium

Answer 1

sudden
- hours, days

Lasts hours to less than a month

Question 2

what are the signs of delirium

Answer 2

fluctuating alertness, cognition, emotions

disorganised thinking
hallucinations
illusions
delusions

Question 3

what are predisposing factors to delirium

Answer 3

advanced age 
pre-existing dementia 
co-morbidity 
post-op
terminal illness
depression
polypharmacy

Question 4

what are the hallmarks of delirium

Answer 4

Acute and fluctuating
Inattention
Altered level of consciousness
Disorganised thinking

Question 5

what are the types of delirium

Answer 5

hypoactive [50%]
hyperactive [20%]
mixed [30%]

Question 6

what are the Sx of hyperactive

Answer 6

Agitated, aggressive, wandering

Question 7

what are the Sx of hypoactive

Answer 7

Withdrawn, apathetic, sleepy, coma

Question 8

what can be used to assess delirium

Answer 8

the 4AT

or CAM

Question 9

what general measures can be done in Mx of delirium

Answer 9

Allow patients to mobilise as much as possible
Ensure glasses and hearing aids are working
Adequate diet + fluids
Re-orientate
Reduce noise

Question 10

when can haloperidol not be used and what is used instead

Answer 10

in patients with Parkinson’s and Lewy Body Dementia

Quetiapine 25mg orally